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. 2023 Aug 30;9(9):1784–1798. doi: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00747

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Effects on FNDs on cell viability and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cell viabilities were determined by a thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay after incubation with low bare-FND and aVDAC2-FND concentration (1 μg/mL), high bare-FND and aVDAC2-FND concentration (5 μg/mL) and HCl (0.1 M) respectively in cGCs (A) and mGCs (B). DCFHDA assay shows intracellular ROS generation after incubation with bare-FNDs (1 μg/mL), aVDAC2-FNDs (1 μg/mL), and menadione (5 μM) for 24 h in cGCs (C) and mGCs (D). 100% represents a control without any stimuli exposure. The experiment was repeated for cells from six patients, and error bars represent the standard deviations. The data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey post hoc test in comparison to the control groups. ****p < 0.0001.