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. 2023 Sep 29;13:16379. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-43518-8

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Choroidal parameters in nonshunted iNPH, shunted iNPH, and controls. (A) Sub-foveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was 194 μm ± 40.58 in controls (n = 18), whereas it was 260 μm ± 63 μm in nonshunted iNPH (n = 18) p < 0.001), and 287 μm ± 42.80 μm in shunted iNPH patients (n = 10) (p < 0.001). (B) Choroidal vascular index (CVI) was not significantly different between nonshunted iNPH, shunted iNPH, and controls (65.45% ± 0.02, 65.56% ± 2.05, and 66.39% ± 3.92 respectively, p value > 0.05). (C) Nonshunted iNPH patients showed a statistically significant increase in the total choroidal area (TCA), luminal choroidal area (LCA), and stromal choroidal area (SCA) compared to controls (2.55 ± 0.55 vs. 2.08 ± 0.46 mm², p = 0.011; 1.66 ± 0.37 vs. 1.38 ± 0.31 mm², p = 0.020; 0.88 ± 0.20 vs. 0.70 ± 0.16 mm², p = 0.006). Shunted iNPH patients showed statistically significant increase in the total choroidal area (TCA), and stromal choroidal area (SCA) compared to controls (2.45 ± 0.44 vs. 2.08 ± 0.46 mm², p = 0.049; 0.84 ± 0.14 vs. 0.70 ± 0.16 mm², p = 0.027). The LCA was increased in shunted iNPH patients compared to controls (1.61 ± 0.30 vs. 1.36 ± 0.31), even though the result was not statistically significant (p = 0.081).