Table 4.

Results of the linear regression models on the association between the change in overall social support between the baseline and follow-up and parenting self-efficacy at follow-up among parents of children aged 0–8 years participating in the CIKEO study (n = 647); adjusted for symptoms of anxiety and depression

	Parenting self-efficacy at follow-up (Score range = 7–42)
	Model 4.1: Simple regression model	Model 4.2: Adjusted for potential confoundersa	Model 4.3: Additionally adjusted for self-efficacy at baselineb
	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)
Overall social support at baseline (higher)	0.10 (0.02, 0.18)	0.11 (0.03, 0.20)	0.02 (-0.05, 0.08)
Change in overall social support between baseline and follow-up (increasing)	0.15 (0.07, 0.23)	0.16 (0.08, 0.24)	0.15 (0.09, 0.21)
Symptoms of anxiety at baseline (more)	-0.15 (-0.24, -0.05)	-0.15 (-0.25, -0.06)	-0.12 (-0.19, -0.05)
Symptoms of depression at baseline (more)	-0.15 (-0.24, -0.05)	-0.12 (-0.22, -0.02)	0.03 (-0.05, 0.10)
Explained variance (based on adjusted R2)	10.0%	12.9%	49.9%

Table is based on the imputed dataset. Missing values for symptoms of depression n = 4. Standardized Betas (β) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) from linear regression analysis

^a Adjusted for the age of the parent, gender of the parent, educational level, family income, work situation, immigration background of the parent, family situation, age of the child, gender of the child, and the number of children in the household

^b Adjusted for the age of the parent, gender of the parent, educational level, family income, work situation, immigration background of the parent, family situation, age of the child, gender of the child, the number of children in the household, and parenting self-efficacy at baseline