Table 2.

Lysins under investigation for WHO critical category of priority pathogens.

Sr. No.	Lysin	Enzymatic activity	Modifications	Outer membrane permeabilizers	Target bacteria	References
1	EndoT5	Peptidase	–	Polymyxin B, gramicidin D, poly-l-lysine, chlorhexidine, and miramistin	E. coli	Shavrina et al. (2016)
l2	Lysep3-D8	Lysozyme (Muramidase)	Fusing B. amyloliquefaciens bacteriophage lysin binding domain D8 to the C-terminal region of Lysep3	–	E. coli, P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii, and Streptococcus strain	Lv et al. (2015) and Wang et al. (2017)
3	Colicin-Lysep3	Lysozyme (Muramidase)	N-terminal translocation region and central receptor binding region of colicin A fused with Lysep3	–	E. coli	Lv et al. (2015) and Yan et al. (2017)
4	Lysep3 + aa	Lysozyme (Muramidase)	Fusing 5,10, and 15 cationic amino acid polypeptide and a polypeptide including both cationic and hydrophobic aa to the C-terminus of Lysep3 to obtain four fusion lysins (5aa, 10aa, 15aa, and mix).	EDTA and citric acid	E. coli	Lv et al. (2015) and Ma et al. (2017)
5	Lysin KP27	Endopeptidase	–	–	K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, S. Typhimurium, and E. coli	Maciejewska et al. (2017a)
6	APgp15	Lysozyme (Muramidase)	–	Chloroform	E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, B. enocepacia, and S. Typhimurium	Maciejewska et al. (2017b)
7	Ply3a03 and PlyPa03	Lysozyme (Muramidase)	–	–	P. aeruginosa	Raz et al. (2019)
8	gp144	Transglycosylase	–	–	P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus, and B. cereus	Paradis-Bleau et al. (2007)
9	EL88	Transglycosylase	–	EDTA, citric acid, poly-l-lysine, and polymyxin B nonapeptide (PMBN)	P. aeruginosa	Briers et al. (2008) and Briers et al. (2011)
10	Art-175	Transglycosylase	Fusing P. aeruginosa lysin KZ144 to a sheep myeloid peptide (SMAP-29) having antimicrobial properties	EDTA	E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and A. baumannii	Briers et al. (2009), Briers et al. (2014a), Defraine et al. (2016), and Schirmeier et al. (2018)
11	PyS2-GN4	Transglycosylase	Fusing P. aeruginosa bacteriocin pyocin S2 (PyS2) domains I to III to the P. aeruginosa phage PAJU2 lysin GN4	–	P. aeruginosa	Heselpoth et al. (2019)
12	LysPA26	Lysozyme (Muramidase)	–	–	E. coli, P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii, and K. pneumoniae	Guo et al. (2017), Murray et al. (2021)
13	LoGT-008	Lysozyme (Glycoside hydrolase)	Polycationic nonapeptide fused to the N terminal of PVP-SE1gp146	EDTA	P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii	Briers et al. (2014b) and Abdelrahman et al. (2021)
14	LysAB2	Muramidase	–	–	A. baumannii, E. coli, and S. aureus	Lai et al. (2011)
15	LysAB2 P3	Muramidase	–	–	A. baumannii	Peng et al. (2017)
16	PlyF307	Muramidase	–	–	A. baumannii	Lood et al. (2015)
17	PlyE146	Muramidase	–	–	E coli, P. aeruginosa, and A. baumannii	Larpin et al. (2018)
18	ElyA1	Muramidase	–	–	P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii, and K. pneumoniae	Blasco et al. (2020) and Lai et al. (2020)
19	P307SQ-8C	Muramidase	Eight aa (SQSRESQC) from the hepatitis B virus fused to the C-terminal of P307		A. baumannii	Thandar et al. (2016)
20	LysABP-01	Muramidase	–	–	A. baumannii	Thummeepak et al. (2016)
21	PlyAB1	Glycoside hydrolase	–	–	A. baumannii	Huang et al. (2014)
22	Abgp46	Muramidase	–	EDTA, citric acid, and malic acid	A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, and S. Typhimurium	Oliveira et al. (2016)
23	Ply6A3	Muramidase	–	–	A. baumannii, S. aureus, K. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli	Wu et al. (2018)