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. 2023 Sep 28;11:e16060. doi: 10.7717/peerj.16060

Figure 4. AKF-PD alleviated liver fibrosis by inhibiting HSC autophagy via the TGF-β1/Smad pathway in cultured HSCs.

Figure 4

(A) The viability of HSC-T6 cells was examined by CCK-8 assays. (B) Effect of AKF-PD on HSC autophagy, as determined by fluorescence microscopy after staining with acridine orange (scale bar: 50 µm). (C) Autophagosome structures (denoted by white triangles) in HSCs were obtained by TEM (scale bar: 0.5 µm). (D) Western blot analysis of Beclin-1, LC3-II /I and P62 protein expression in HSCs. Values represent the mean ± SD of 3 independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. *** p < 0.001, N.S. not significant.