Table 2.
Assessment of visuospatial cognitive abilities in AUPV (vestibular neuritis, VN) patients during acute and recovery phases.
| VN (n = 72) | R.VN (n = 37) | L.VN (n = 35) | HC (n = 35) | Value of p between groupK | Value of pM (VN-HC) | Value of pM (R.VN-HC) | Value of pM (L.VN-HC) | Value of pM (R.VN-L.VN) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acute phase (within 2 days of onset) | |||||||||
| Visuospatial perception tests | |||||||||
| Position discrimination (20 points) | 18 (18–19) | 18 (17–19) | 19 (18–20) | 20 (19–20) | 0.003 | 0.006 | 0.001 | 0.083 | 0.042 |
| Number location (10 points) | 9 (8–9) | 8 (8–9) | 9 (9–10) | 10 (9–10) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.023 | 0.006 |
| Cube analysis (10 points) | 9 (8–9) | 8 (8–9) | 10 (9–10) | 9 (9–10) | <0.001 | 0.048 | <0.001 | 0.834 | <0.001 |
| Visuospatial memory tests | |||||||||
| BDT (48 points) | 32 (32–32) | 30 (28–32) | 32 (32–36) | 37 (32–40) | <0.001 | 0.002 | <0.001 | 0.095 | 0.003 |
| BDT Plus (66 points) | 34 (32–35) | 33 (29–34) | 35 (34–41) | 43 (38–48) | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.041 | 0.019 |
| CBTT-block span | 5 (5–6) | 5 (5–6) | 6 (5–6) | 7.5 (7–8) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.098 |
| CBTT-total score | 25 (23–28) | 24 (21–28) | 27 (22–33) | 40.5 (34–44) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.047 |
| Recovery phase (follow-up 4 weeks after onset) | |||||||||
| Visuospatial perception tests | |||||||||
| Position discrimination (20 points) | 19 (19–20) | 19 (19–20) | 20 (19–20) | 20 (19–20) | 0.488 | 0.708 | 0.402 | 0.868 | 0.259 |
| Number location (10 points) | 9 (9–10) | 9 (9–10) | 10 (9–10) | 10 (9–10) | 0.138 | 0.353 | 0.091 | 0.983 | 0.094 |
| Cube analysis (10 points) | 9 (9–10) | 9 (9–10) | 9 (9–10) | 9 (9–10) | 0.289 | 0.362 | 0.17 | 0.793 | 0.205 |
| Visuospatial memory tests | |||||||||
| BDT (48 points) | 32 (32–36) | 32 (32–38) | 32 (32–38) | 37 (32–40) | 0.155 | 0.065 | 0.075 | 0.131 | 0.528 |
| BDT Plus (66 points) | 38 (35–40) | 36 (34–41) | 38 (35–47) | 43 (38–48) | 0.097 | 0.067 | 0.037 | 0.231 | 0.236 |
| CBTT-block span | 7 (6–7) | 7 (6–7) | 7 (6–8) | 7 (7–8) | 0.187 | 0.099 | 0.062 | 0.272 | 0.446 |
| CBTT-total score | 35.5 (31–38) | 35 (29–36) | 37 (31–43) | 40.5 (34–44) | 0.037 | 0.051 | 0.012 | 0.308 | 0.1 |
Values are presented as median (95% CI). Statistical significance was calculated using the KKruskal-Wallis test (between group comparison) and the MMann–Whitney U test (pairwise comparisons) with a Bonferroni-adjusted significance level of 0.017 (0.05/3). Bold indicates a statistically significant difference. In the BDT, scores are added based on whether the block design for each question is correct regardless of time, and the BDT Plus is a summation assigning additional points for faster answers. CBTT-block span is the length of the last correctly repeated sequence. CBTT-total score is the product of the CBTT-block span and the number of correctly repeated sequences until the test is discontinued (i.e., the number of correct trials). This latter score takes into account the performance on both trials of an equal length and is more reliable than the CBTT-block span alone.