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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biomaterials. 2023 Feb 20;296:122065. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122065

Table 1. Examples of genetically engineered cellular nanoparticle platforms.

Wild-type cells can be genetically engineered to modulate their protein expression. Nanoparticles derived from these modified cells exhibit unique functionalities that can be leveraged for various biomedical applications.

Cell type Modification Engineering
method		 Application Ref.
Nanodelivery
Primary T cell Anti-glypican 3 CAR Lentiviral transduction Delivery of photothermal agent to hepatocellular carcinoma cells [67]
C1498 (acute myeloid leukemia) VLA-4 Retroviral transduction Targeting VCAM-1 in inflammation sites and delivery of dexamethasone [59]
Adipose-derived stem cell CXCR4 Retroviral transduction Targeting SDF-1 in inflammation sites and delivery of VEGF [148]
Neural stem cell CXCR4 Lentiviral transduction Targeting SDF-1 in inflammation sites and delivery of VEGF through the blood–brain barrier [149]
B16F10 (melanoma) Influenza HA Lipid-based transfection Improved endosomal escape for increased cytosolic delivery [98]
Dendritic cell IL-4 Adenovirus transduction Delivery of IL-4 to suppress inflammation in arthritis [68]
Cancer immunotherapy
E. coli (OMV) Cytolysin A-SpyCatcher Bacterial transformation Presentation of tumor antigens alongside immunostimulatory OMVs [66]
Cytolysin A-SnoopCatcher
B16F10 (melanoma) CD80 Lipid-based transfection Direct activation of tumor-targeting T cells [166]
HEK293T PD-1 Lipid-based transfection Targeting to PD-L1 on melanoma cells and delivery of anti-immunosuppressive molecules [60]
Platelet PD-1 Lentiviral transduction Reversal of T cell exhaustion in post-surgical cancer sites [183]
Vaccination against pathogens
S. aureus Deletion of agr locus Bacterial transformation Broad-spectrum protection against dengue virus [193]
Dengue virus antigens
E. coli (OMV) Glycan epitope associated with N. meningitidis infection Bacterial transformation Protection against N. meningitidis [198]
E. coli (OMV) F. tularensis O-antigen polysaccharide Bacterial transformation Protection against F. tularensis [199]
E. coli (OMV) Omp22-Cytolysin A Bacterial transformation Protection against A. baumannii [199]
Detoxification
HEK293T ACE2 Lipid-based transfection Detoxification of SARS-CoV-2 to prevent infection [57]