TABLE 1.
Demographic, Clinical, and Operative Characteristics of IBD Patients Undergoing MIS Resection (2019–2021)
| Characteristic, n (%) | UC Laparoscopic 1804 (80.8) |
UC Robotic 430 (19.3) |
p | Crohn’s Laparoscopic 3,282 (86.8) |
Crohn’s Robotic 500 (13.2) |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age group, years | 0.230 | 0.964 | ||||
| < 35 | 767 (42.5) | 167 (38.8) | 1429 (43.5) | 219 (43.8) | ||
| 35–44 | 328 (18.2) | 81 (18.8) | 655 (20.0) | 100 (20.0) | ||
| 45–54 | 257 (14.3) | 79 (18.4) | 462 (14.1) | 73 (14.6) | ||
| 55–64 | 242 (13.4) | 52 (12.1) | 413 (12.6) | 64 (12.8) | ||
| ≥ 65 | 210 (11.6) | 51 (11.9) | 323 (9.8) | 44 (8.8) | ||
| Age, median (IQR) | 38 (28,55) | 41 (28,53) | 0.290 | 37 (28,53) | 37 (28.5,52) | 0.719 |
| Sex | 0.017 | 0.348 | ||||
| Male | 980 (54.3) | 261 (60.7) | 1432 (43.6) | 207 (41.4) | ||
| Female | 824 (45.7) | 169 (39.3) | 1850 (56.4) | 293 (58.6) | ||
| Race | 0.145 | <0.001 | ||||
| White | 1430 (79.4) | 349 (81.2) | 2495 (76.1) | 400 (80.5) | ||
| Black | 71 (3.9) | 23 (5.4) | 243 (7.4) | 64 (12.9) | ||
| Other/unknown | 299 (16.6) | 58 (13.5) | 539 (16.5) | 33 (6.6) | ||
| Type of procedure | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Colectomy | 1214 (67.3) | 92 (21.4) | 3056 (93.1) | 402 (80.4) | ||
| Proctectomy | 590 (32.7) | 338 (78.6) | 226 (6.9) | 98 (19.6) | ||
| Operative stress score | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| 3 (moderate stress) | 1378 (76.4) | 142 (33.0) | 3188 (97.1) | 437 (87.4) | ||
| 4 (high stress) | 426 (23.6) | 288 (67.0) | 94 (2.9) | 63 (12.6) | ||
| ASA classification | 0.164 | 0.468 | ||||
| I-II | 927 (51.4) | 237 (55.1) | 1979 (60.3) | 310 (62.0) | ||
| III-IV | 877 (48.6) | 193 (44.9) | 1303 (39.7) | 190 (38.0) | ||
| BMI ≥ 30 | 394 (22.0) | 102 (23.9) | 0.410 | 710 (21.8) | 124 (25.0) | 0.119 |
| Current smoker | 89 (4.9) | 23 (5.4) | 0.723 | 529 (16.1) | 82 (16.4) | 0.873 |
| Diabetes | 119 (6.6) | 23 (5.4) | 0.341 | 116 (3.5) | 22 (4.4) | 0.336 |
| History of CHF | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.2) | 0.348 | 1 (0.03) | 1 (0.2) | 0.247 |
| COPD | 19 (1.1) | 4 (0.9) | 0.999 | 39 (1.2) | 4 (0.8) | 0.446 |
| Hypertension | 276 (15.3) | 69 (16.1) | 0.700 | 492 (15.0) | 63 (12.6) | 0.159 |
| Dyspnea | 36 (2.5) | 5 (1.6) | 0.354 | 32 (1.2) | 6 (1.6) | 0.624 |
| Bleeding disorder | 55 (3.1) | 6 (1.4) | 0.059 | 46 (1.4) | 1 (0.2) | 0.024 |
| Steroid/immunosuppressive use | 1133 (62.8) | 161 (37.4) | <0.001 | 2081 (63.4) | 296 (59.2) | 0.070 |
Abbreviations: MIS, Minimally Invasive Surgery; UC, ulcerative colitis; IQR; interquartile range; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, Body Mass Index; CHF, Congestive Heart Failure; COPD, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.