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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2023 Jul 4;32(11):1290–1298. doi: 10.1002/pds.5662

Table 2:

The unweighted and weighted positive predictive values (PPV) and 95% Confidence intervals (95% CI) for true fracture events. The unweighted PPV are stratified by location of care code position; and ICD code.

Original Algorithm
N charts detected by algorithm True Fracture Episode PPV (95% CI)*
Unweighted PPV 521 383 73.5 (69.5,77.1)
Weighted PPV 521 345 66.3 (58.8,73.1)
Location of Care and Code Position
Inpatient Primary position 5 4 80.0 (11.1,99.2)
Inpatient Second position 8 8 100.0 (100.0,100.0)
Emergency Department Primary position 117 102 87.2 (79.7,92.2)
Emergency Department Second position 50 44 88.0 (75.2,94.7)
Outpatient Primary position 167 125 74.9 (67.6,80.9)
Outpatient Second position 174 100 57.5 (49.9,64.7)
ICD code
ICD9 Unweighted PPV 338 255 75.4 (70.6, 79.8)
ICD9 Weighted PPV 338 205 60.4 (51.2, 69.4)
ICD10 Unweighted PPV 183 128 70.0 (62.9, 76.2)
ICD10 Weighted PPV 183 146 79.9 (72.4, 85.8)
Modified Algorithm after removal of select codes
Unweighted PPV 313 282 90.1 (86.2,93.0)
Weighted PPV 313 286 91.3 (86.87,94.4)
Location of Care and Code Position
Inpatient Primary position 4 4 100 (100, 100)
Inpatient Second position 8 8 100 (100, 100)
Emergency Department Primary position 106 100 94.3 (87.8,97.5)
Emergency Department Second position 46 41 89.1 (75.8,95.6)
Outpatient Primary position 138 118 85.5 (78.5,90.5)
Outpatient Second position 11 11 100 (100,100)
ICD code
ICD9 Unweighted PPV 208 186 89.4 (84.4, 93.0)
ICD9 Weighted PPV 208 190 91.1 (85.0, 94.9)
ICD10 Unweighted PPV 105 96 91.4 (84.2, 95.5)
ICD10 Weighted PPV 105 96 91.7 (83.1, 96.2)
*

Confidence intervals calculated using Poisson regression