Table 1.
Characteristics of participants stratified by Achilles Tendinopathy (AT) type.
| Variables | All participants (n = 37) |
Insertional AT (n = 22) |
Midportion AT (n = 15) |
95 % CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Sex female, n (%) | 20 (54) | 12 (54.5) | 8 (53.3) | - |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 28.9 ± 6.7 | 30.5 ± 7.2 | 26.4 ± 5.3 | −8.2, 0.1 |
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 44.1 ± 15.1 | 46.5 ± 15.7 | 40.5 ± 13.9 | −15.9, 4.0 |
| Tendon morning stiffness (1 unit = 10 minutes), mean ± SD | 3.7 ± 2.9 | 3.6 ± 2.8 | 3.7 ± 3.2 | −2, 2.2 |
| Pain (Numeric Rating Scale, 0-10), mean ± SD | ||||
| Pain at rest | 1.1 ± 1.4 | 1.4 ± 1.7 | 0.7 ± 0.7 | −1.6, 0.1 |
| Pain with fast walking | 3.3 ± 1.9 | 3.3 ± 2.0 | 3.2 ±1.8 | −1.4, 1.2 |
| Pain with heel raises | 4.5 ± 1.8 | 4.7 ± 1.8 | 4.3 ±1.9 | −1.7, 0.9 |
| Pain with standing | 1.9 ± 1.7 | 2.3 ± 1.9 | 1.3 ±1.19 | −2, 0 |
| Pain with calf stretch | 3.9 ± 2.5 | 4.2 ± 2.5 | 3.4 ± 2.5 | −2.4, 0.9 |
| Biomechanics | ||||
| Peak ankle dorsiflexion angle when walking (°) | 11.4 ± 2.8 | 11.6 ± 2.8 | 11.0 ± 2.8 | −2.5, 1.3 |
| Peak knee extension angle when walking (°) | −1.0 ± 6.4 | −0.3 ± 7.9 | −2.2 ± 3.3 | −5.8, 1.9 |
| Peak hip extension angle when walking (°) | −12.1 ± 8.7 | −11.5 ± 10.1 | −12.9 ± 6.2 | −6.8, 4.1 |
| Peak ankle power (J/s) | 3.1 ± 0.9 | 3.0 ± 0.9 | 3.2 ± 0.9 | −0.4, 0.9 |
| Peak ankle dorsiflexion angle with calf stretch: knee bent (°) | 32.3 ± 5.1 | 32.6 ± 5.5 | 32.0 ± 4.6 | −4, 2.8 |
| Peak ankle dorsiflexion angle with calf stretch: knee straight (°) | 28.7 ± 5.0 | 28.7 ± 4.9 | 28.8 ± 5.3 | −3.4, 3.7 |
| Psychosocial measures, mean ± SD | ||||
| Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia-17 | 36.5 ± 5.2 | 37.1 ± 4.9 | 35.7 ± 5.7 | −5.1, 2.3 |
| Pain Catastrophizing Scale-13 | 9.6 ± 6.4 | 10.1 ± 6.3 | 8.8 ± 6.7 | −5.8, 3.2 |