Table 1.
Residence arrangements (reported as % of children) for the full sample (n = 282), for children living with both biological parents (n = 190), children living with one biological parent (n = 44), and children living with neither biological parent (n = 48, fostered: n = 39, adopted: n = 9). Households are grouped into the following categories: Single Parent (one parent and their children); Nuclear Family (a couple and their children); Extended Family (households that include extended kin); Expanded Family (nuclear or extended family households that include an unrelated resident or a resident whose kin connection was too distant to reconstruct); Blended Family (children living with a stepparent and/or the stepparent’s extended kin, children living with affinal kin, and children living with a biological parent and a stepparent and stepsiblings); and Unclear (households where the relatedness between the residents was unclear). Figures for “Extended Kin: Line” and “Extended Kin: Type” only apply to children who share a home with extended kin, not the whole sample
| Parents Present | Neither Parent Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full Sample (N = 282) |
Both (n = 190) |
One (n = 44) |
None (n = 48) |
Fostered (n = 39) |
Adopted (n = 9) |
|
| 67.4 | 15.6 | 17.0 | 81.3 | 18.8 | ||
| Household Type | ||||||
| Extended family | 52.8 | 43.7 | 61.4 | 81.3 | 87.2 | 55.6 |
| Nuclear family | 34.4 | 51.1 | — | — | — | — |
| Single parent | 1.8 | — | 11.4 | — | — | — |
| Expanded family | 6.4 | 3.2 | 15.9 | 10.4 | 7.7 | 22.2 |
| Blended family | 3.2 | 1.1 | 11.4 | 4.2 | 2.6 | 11.1 |
| Unclear relatedness | 1.4 | 1.1 | — | 4.2 | 2.6 | 11.1 |
| Primary Caregiver | ||||||
| Biological parent | 83.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | — | — | — |
| Other relative | 14.9 | — | — | 87.5 | 94.9 | 55.6 |
| Unrelated person | 1.4 | — | — | 8.3 | 2.6 | 33.3 |
| Unclear relatedness | 0.7 | — | — | 4.2 | 2.6 | 11.1 |
| One Parent: Caregivers | ||||||
| Mother | 90.9 | |||||
| Stepparent present | 11.4 | |||||
| Extended Kin: Line | ||||||
| Maternal | 57.1 | 33.7 | 82.4 | 83.7 | 89.5 | 40.0 |
| Paternal | 36.8 | 59.3 | 11.8 | 11.6 | 7.9 | 40.0 |
| Both maternal and paternal | 1.8 | 2.3 | — | 2.3 | — | 20.0 |
| Older sibling’s children | 4.3 | 4.7 | 5.9 | 2.3 | 2.6 | — |
| Extended Kin: Type | ||||||
| Aunts and uncles | 46.9 | 29.1 | 64.7 | 69.0 | 67.6 | 80.0 |
| Cousins | 38.9 | 37.2 | 41.2 | 40.5 | 37.8 | 60.0 |
| Grandparents | 58.6 | 48.8 | 82.4 | 59.5 | 62.2 | 40.0 |
| Great-grandparents | 5.6 | 1.2 | 5.9 | 14.3 | 16.2 | — |
| Grandparent’s sibling or their relatives | 16.0 | 18.6 | 11.8 | 14.3 | 13.5 | 20.0 |
| Great-grandparent’s sibling | 0.6 | — | 2.9 | — | — | — |
| Cousin’s children | 2.5 | 2.3 | — | 4.8 | 2.7 | 20.0 |
| Older sibling’s children | 6.2 | 8.1 | 5.9 | 2.4 | 2.7 | — |
Figures for older sibling’s children are not always consistent between “Extended Kin: Line” and “Extended Kin: Type” because categories in “Line” are mutually exclusive (e.g., children who lived with an older sibling’s children but also with maternal kin were assigned to “Maternal”) whereas categories in “Type” are not