Table 1.
Target Pathways in the Melanin Life Cycle and Key Ingredients in Dark Spot Treatment
| Melanin Life Cycle Pathway | Dark Spot Treatment Ingredients |
|---|---|
| Melanocyte activation | Tranexamic acid |
| Niacinamide | |
| Vitamin C (tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate) | |
| Melanosome development | Lotus sprout extract |
| Melanin production | Lotus sprout extract |
| Phenylethyl resorcinol | |
| Kojic acid (kojic dipalmitate) | |
| Vitamin C (tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate) | |
| Melanin distribution | Niacinamide |
| Melanosome degradation | Lotus sprout extract |
| Melanin removal | Retinol |
| Glycolic acid |