Table 2.
Summary of 35 studies reporting the prevalence and resistance pattern of Klebsiella in different parts of Ethiopia, 2009–2019
| References | Region | Study area | Study period | Study design | Study population | Culture specimens | Study samples | #Klebsiella isolated | Average % resistant Klebsiella | NOS quality score out of 7 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [42] | Amhara | Gondar | March to May 2013 | RCS | Patients | Blood sample | 856 | 11 | 46.4 | 6 |
| [43] | Amhara | Debremarkos | November 2013 to February 2017 | RCS | Patients | Blood, urine | 514 | 22 | 57.8 | 6 |
| [44] | Tigray | Mekelle | August-December 2016 | CS | HIV patients | Sputum | 252 | 41 | 19.6 | 5 |
| [45] | SNNP | Hawassa | November 2014–November 2017 | CS | HIV positive at ART and blood doners | Urine, Body fluids, ear swab, eye swab, Blood, sputum and pus | 693 | 154 | 65.4 | 6 |
| [46] | SNNP | Hawassa | January 2012 to December2014 | RCS | Patients | Urine, nasal swab, pus, and ear discharge | 564 | 21 | 63.0 | 6 |
| [47] | Oromiya | Jimma | February to August, 2016 | CS | Catheterized patients | Urine sample | 143 | 12 | 62.5 | 7 |
| [48] | Central Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | December 2017-June 2018 | CS | Patients | Urine,blood | 947 | 72 | 67.2 | 6 |
| [49] | Central Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | September 2015-May 2016 | CS | UTI patients | Urine | 712 | 19 | 45.0 | 7 |
| [50] | Central Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | Feburary-May 2015 | CS | Fistula patients | Urine | 210 | 14 | 29.8 | 4 |
| [51] | SNNP | Hawassa | Novemer 2010-March 2011 | CS | Patients with surgical wound | Wound swabs | 194 | 24 | 80.4 | 4 |
| [26] | Central Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | January - April, 2014 | CS | Pediatric Patients | Urine | 384 | 17 | 59.4 | 6 |
| [27] | Amhara | Gondar | Feburary-March, 2014 | CS | UTI patients | Urine | 442 | 34 | 40.9 | 6 |
| [52] | Amhara | Gondar | February to May, 2016. | CS | Patients | stool, urine, pus, eye discharge and body fluids | 260 | 29 | 52.8 | 5 |
| [53] | Oromiya | Jimma | May to September,2016 | CS | Hospitalized patients | urine, blood, sputum samples | 240 | 30 | 70.9 | 7 |
| [54] | Tigray | Mekelle | February to September, 2017 | CS | UTI patients | urine samples | 341 | 6 | 43.3 | 4 |
| [55] | Amhara | Gondar | January to April, 2016 | CS | Patients with Ocular infection | Conjunctival specimens | 312 | 9 | 38.4 | 4 |
| [56] | Oromiya | Jimma | June to December 2011 | CS | Patients with wound | wound discharge swabs | 322 | 46 | 43.5 | 6 |
| [57] | Oromiya | Metu | January to March,2018 | CS | Infected DM patients, | Urine | 233 | 8 | 26.6 | 6 |
| [58] | Amhara | Bahridar | January 2013 to December 2015 | RCS | Infected Wounds | Wound swabs | 380 | 20 | 43.1 | 7 |
| [59] | Central Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | January to March,2014 | CS | Children with UTI and sepsis | Blood,and Urine | 322 | 20 | 69.0 | 7 |
| [60] | Oromiya | Jimma | May to September, 2013 | CS | Patients with wound | wound discharge swabs | 150 | 14 | 63.3 | 6 |
| [61] | Central Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | August 2013 to January 2014 | CS | UTI patients | urine samples | 424 | 7 | 55.8 | 4 |
| [62] | Tigray | Mekelle | January to June 2012 | CS | Patients with surgical wound | Wound swabs | 610 | 29 | 71.5 | 5 |
| [63] | SNNP | Hawasa | May to September 2015 | CS | UTI patients | urine samples | 863 | 18 | 51.2 | 6 |
| [64] | Amhara | Bahridar | December 2017 to April 2018 | CS | Patients | blood, urine, ear discharge, | 532 | 85 | 73.2 | 5 |
| [6] | Amhara | Gondar | March to May, 2014 | CS | Wound patients | Wound discharge | 137 | 17 | 62.1 | 6 |
| [65] | Amhara | Gondar | January to June 2017 | CS | Patients with otitis media | ear discharge | 62 | 10 | 31.1 | 5 |
| [66] | Central Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | October 2011 to Feburary 2012 | CS | Septicemia suspected children | Blood | 201 | 9 | 62.9 | 7 |
| [67] | Oromiya | Jimma | June2012 to Feburary 2013 | CS | Patients with postsurgical infection | Urine and wound swab | 500 | 12 | 54.6 | 6 |
| [68] | Oromiya | Assela | April 2016 to May 2017 | CS | Neonatal ICU patients | Blood sample | 303 | 11 | 63.9 | 6 |
| [69] | SNNP | Hawassa | April to July 2018 | CS | Pediatrics with otitis media | Ear discharge | 152 | 12 | 54.6 | 6 |
| (70) | Tigray | Adigrat | January to April 2018 | CS | Pregnant women | Urine sample | 259 | 10 | 35.8 | 7 |
| (71) | Central Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | January to May 2017 | CS | Patients | Urine, blood, sputum, ear discharge, CSF, body fluid, Pus | 426 | 131 | 52.6 | 7 |
| (72) | Tigray | Mekelle | October 2014 to June 2012 | CS | Patients with otitis media | Ear discharge | 162 | 18 | 60.4 | 6 |
| (73) | Amhara | Gondar | Feburary to June 2014 | CS | Patients with ear discharge | Ear discharge | 167 | 25 | 44.6 | 6 |
Key: CS: Cross-sectional, RCS: retrospective cross-sectional, CSF: cerebrospinal fluid, ART: Antiretroviral therapy, HIV: human immunodeficiency virus