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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Oct 2.
Published in final edited form as: J Eng Edu. 2018 Dec 7;107(4):583–610. doi: 10.1002/jee.20239

Table A:

Means and Standard Deviations for Independent and Dependent Measures, for All Students and Separately by LGBTQ Status (N=1,729)

ALL LGBTQ Non-LGBTQ
Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE p
LGBTQ (yes=1, no=0) .087 .007 --- --- --- ---
Hispanic (yes=1, no=0) .037 .005 .079 .023 .034 .005
Asian (yes=1, no=0) .120 .008 .122 .028 .120 .009
Black (yes=1, no=0) .034 .005 .014 .010 .036 .005
White (yes=1, no=0) .835 .009 .878 .028 .831 .010
Native Amer/ Pacific Islander (yes=1, no=0) .017 .003 .017 .012 .017 .003
Other Racial/Ethnic group (yes=1, no=0) .018 .003 .014 .010 .018 .004
Woman (yes=1, no=0) .350 .012 .528 .043 .333 .012
SES (1=working class to 5=upper class) 2.564 .032 2.698 .109 2.554 .033
First Generation Student (yes=1, no=0) .144 .009 .189 .033 .140 .009
Marginalization
Accepted by students in Dept (1=not accepted at all to 5=very accepted) 3.544 .017 3.335 .064 3.563 .017 ***
Avoided Social Event (1=never to 5=almost every day) 2.036 .026 2.524 .104 1.991 .027 ***
Included in Social Gatherings (1=strongly disagree [SD] to 5=strongly agree [SA]) 3.434 .024 3.092 .098 3.463 .025 ***
Hide Personal Life (1=never to 5=almost every day) 1.777 .026 2.511 .111 1.706 .026 ***
Offensive Comments (1=SD to 5=SA) 2.567 .034 3.137 .127 2.516 .035 ***
Devaluation
Treated as Equally Skilled Student (1=SD to 5=SA) 3.997 .020 3.762 .076 4.017 .021 ***
Students Respect Engr Work (1=SD to 5=SA) 4.056 .019 3.842 .079 4.076 .019 ***
Avoided Team or Project (1=never to 5=almost every day) 1.967 .029 2.510 .106 1.918 .030 ***
Health and Wellness
Exhausted from Compartmentalization (1=never to 5=almost every day) 2.149 .032 2.547 .116 2.115 .034 ***
Nervous (1=never to 5=almost every day) 3.773 .026 4.115 .078 3.743 .028 ***
Depressed or Sad at School (1=never to 5=almost every day) 2.444 .032 3.072 .113 2.386 .033 ***
Sleeping Troubles (1=never to 5=almost every day) 2.552 .030 2.871 .107 2.524 .031 **
LGBTQ Students face Veiled Hostility (1=SD to 5=SA) 2.193 .023 2.439 .087 2.170 .023 **
Colleagues Condescending to LGBTQ Students (1=SD to 5=SA) 2.744 .028 3.053 .101 2.716 .029 **
Witnessed mistreatment of LGBTQ student (1=yes, 0=no) .092 .008 .359 .043 .067 .007 ***
Schools
School 101: Small, private school in the NE (N=82, Response Rate [RR]=18%) .029 .004 .022 .012 .030 .004
School 108: Large, public flagship in the NE (N=233, RR=7%) .091 .007 .086 .024 .092 .008
School 109: Small Tech school in the Midwest
(N=909, RR=45%)
.359 .012 .439 .042 .350 .013 *
School 110: Large public in the NE
(N=128, RR=4%)
.044 .005 .072 .022 .042 .005
School 114: Small Catholic school in the West
(N=215, RR=30%)
.101 .008 .129 .029 .098 .008
School 116: Large public school in the South
(N=290, RR=7%)
.092 .007 .079 .023 .094 .008
School 117: Large public flagship in the South
(N=620, RR=11%)
.238 .011 .101 .026 .251 .011 **
School 120: Mid-size public school in the NE
(N=98, RR=8%)
.046 .005 .072 .022 .043 .005

Note:

***

p<.001;

**

p<.01;

*

p<.05 (two-tailed test)