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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Oct 2.
Published in final edited form as: J Econ Perspect. 2021 Winter;35(1):163–184. doi: 10.1257/jep.35.1.163

Table 2:

Distribution of Foreign Students at Public and Non-Profit Universities and Tuition Status, 2015

Private, Non-Profit Public
Degree Type Institution Type # Students Tuition & Fee Expected Contribution Fully Funded # Students Tuition & Fee Expected Contribution Fully Funded
BA Non-PhD 79,527 $31,138 $20,355 13% 54,399 $15,324 $13,099 6%
BA Other PhD 28,800 $37,526 $30,486 5% 48,055 $20,313 $18,321 6%
BA Very High Research PhD 34,133 $45,266 $38,466 11% 121,440 $29,245 $28,249 2%
MA Non-PhD 57,870 $20,358 $17,748 3% 38,351 $13,899 $12,918 5%
MA Other PhD 35,440 $26,564 $24,313 3% 52,170 $18,020 $15,517 10%
MA Very High Research PhD 61,490 $45,512 $39,858 5% 74,006 $27,410 $23,709 11%
PhD Non-PhD 3,950 $27,353 $20,589 20% 3,466 $14,613 $4,857 73%
PhD Other PhD 7,188 $25,667 $10,645 51% 21,205 $16,217 $4,498 72%
PhD Very High Research PhD 28,055 $38,451 $4,394 87% 70,675 $22,238 $4,504 79%

Note: Very High Research PhD are universities classified as having very high research activity by the Carnegie 2010 classifications. Other PhD are universities classified as having high research activity by the Carnegie 2010 classifications and other Doctoral-awarded universities. Non-PhD are all other post-secondary institutions. Tuition & Fee are the average tuition and fee charged to the foreign student. Expected Contribution is the average tuition and fee not funded by the post-secondary intuition. Fully funded are the share of students who are fully funded by the post-secondary intuition Source is F-1 visa administrative data, from United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).