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. 2023 Apr 19;146(10):4105–4116. doi: 10.1093/brain/awad129

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© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

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Kruskal-Wallis analysis to compare motor features among different patterns of disease progression. Distribution of upper motor neuron involvement using the Penn Upper Motor Neuron Score (PUMNS) and lower motor neuron involvement using the Medical Research Council Muscle Scale (MRC) in patients with vertical versus horizontal (A and B) and contiguous versus non-contiguous (C and D) pattern of disease progression from site of onset. Kruskal-Wallis test for independent samples. For each group, the bold horizontal line shows the median, the grey box includes the middle 50% of the data and whiskers show the minimum and maximum values. Empty circles represent outliers (above Q3 + 1.5 IQR and below Q1 − 1.5 IQR, respectively).