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. 2023 May 24;44(10):2004–2018. doi: 10.1038/s41401-023-01101-x

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a HL-1 cell viability was analyzed using the MTT assay to establish the dose response curve of DOXO at 24 h after DOXO administration. b The effect of different concentrations of FGF10 on DOXO treatment was determined. c Cell injury was measured by the release of LDH. d ROS generation was visualized by DCFH-DA staining and analyzed by flow cytometry. The results are presented as the median fluorescence intensity. e Superoxide production was assessed by DHE with flow cytometry. The results are presented as the median fluorescence intensity. f Representative images of MitoTracker and JC-1 staining in each group (×400 magnification). g Statistical analysis of MitoTracker and JC-1 staining. The results of MitoTracker staining are shown as the mean fluorescence intensity. The results of JC-1 staining are presented as the ratio of the mean fluorescence intensity of JC-1 monomers (green) to the mean fluorescence intensity of JC-1 aggregates (red). h Western blotting and statistical analysis of Bcl-2, Bax, SOD, and C-CAS3 expression. GAPDH as an internal control. ns non-significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ****P < 0.0001. DCFH-DA Dichlorofluorescin diacetate. Scaler bar: 100 μm.