Table 4.

Univariate Cox model of hazard ratios for pacemaker-induced cardiomyopathy.

Variables	HR	95% CI	P
Every 10-year increase in age	0.97	0.72–1.31	0.83
Male sex	1.00	0.50–2.01	1.00
Every 10% decrease in the baseline LVEF	0.98	0.70–1.36	0.90
Every 10-ms prolongation of the QRS duration	0.86	0.73–1.01	0.07
LBBB	0.05	0.00–170.00	0.46
History of AF	0.84	0.42–1.69	0.63
Every 10 mL/min/1.73 m2 decrease in eGFR	1.19	1.01–1.40	0.04*
eGFR ≤ 30 mL/min/1.73 m2	3.47	1.48–8.16	< 0.01**
CAD	2.76	1.36–5.60	< 0.01**

HR hazard ratio, CI confidence intervals, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, LBBB left bundle branch brock, AF atrial fibrillation, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, CAD coronary artery disease. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01.