Table 2.
Neuropsychological domains and tests by cohort.
| Aging Cohort of PWH | AD Spectrum Cohort | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domain | Assessment |
HAND (n
= 22) |
Controls
(n = 14) |
Domain | Assessment |
ADS
(n = 22) |
Controls
(n = 16) |
| Learning | HVLT-R Learning Trials 1–3 1 | −1.77 (1.04) | 0.24 (0.72) | Learning | HVLT-R Learning Trials 1–3 1 | −1.71 (1.39) | −1.13 (1.65) |
| Memory | HVLT-R Delayed Recall 1 | −1.72 (1.10) | 0.25 (0.88) | WMS-IV Logical Memory I Recall1 | −1.23 (1.49) | −0.54 (1.63) | |
| HVLT-R Recognition Discriminability Index 1 | −1.13 (1.28) | 0.50 (0.58) | Memory | HVLT-R Delayed Recall 1 | −2.44 (1.33) | −1.72 (1.55) | |
| Phonemic verbal fluency 1 | −0.60 (0.99) | 0.14 (1.21) | HVLT-R Recognition Discriminability Index 1 | −2.44 (1.23) | −1.24 (1.68) | ||
| Executive Function | Semantic verbal fluency 1 | −0.31 (1.00) | 0.44 (1.09) | WMS-IV Logical Memory II Delayed Recall1 | −1.85 (1.43) | −1.02 (1.76) | |
| Trail Making Test Part B 1 | −0.23 (0.74) | 0.61 (0.81) | Attention and Executive Function | WMS-IV Logical Memory II Recognition1 | −0.54 (1.00) | −0.36 (1.04) | |
| Attention | Comalli Stroop Test Interference Trial1 | −1.29 (1.77) | 0.02 (1.30) | WAIS-IV Digit Span Forward, Backward, and Sequencing1 | −0.74 (1.26) | −0.28 (1.21) | |
| WAIS-III Symbol Search1 | −0.53 (0.69) | 1.33 (0.73) | Trail Making Test Part B 1 | −0.88 (1.52) | −0.40 (1.31) | ||
| Comalli Stroop Test Word Trial1 | −1.30 (1.40) | 0.13 (0.84) | Boston Naming Test1 | −0.32 (1.34) | 0.01 (1.31) | ||
| WAIS-III Digit Symbol Coding1 | −0.30 (0.71) | 1.67 (0.74) | Language | Phonemic verbal fluency 1 | −0.70 (1.04) | −0.75 (1.22) | |
| Processing Speed | Trail Making Test Part A 1 | −0.38 (0.67) | 0.46 (1.00) | Semantic verbal fluency 1 | −1.66 (1.59) | −1.09 (2.02) | |
| Comalli Stroop Test Color Trial1 | −0.91 (1.18) | 0.13 (0.84) | Processing Speed | WAIS-IV Digit Symbol Coding1 | −0.50 (1.57) | 0.16 (1.37) | |
| Motor | Grooved Pegboard – Dominant Hand1 | −1.15 (1.02) | 0.20 (0.95) | Trail Making Test Part A 1 | −1.21 (1.59) | −0.64 (1.57) | |
| Grooved Pegboard – Non-Dominant Hand1 | −1.35 (0.76) | 0.16 (0.70) | Functional Impairment | Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ)2 | 12.23 (5.79) | 0.19 (0.40) | |
| Functional Impairment | Modified version of the Lawton and Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale Total Declines2 | 1.65 (1.97) | 1.00 (1.84) | General Cognitive Status | Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)2 | 24.95 (3.34) | 29.50 (0.73) |
| Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE)2 | 24.95 (3.34) | 29.50 (0.73) | |||||
| Premorbid Function | WRAT-4 Word Reading 1 | −0.82 (0.94) | 0.72 (1.05) | Premorbid Function | WRAT-4 Word Reading 1 | 0.35 (0.91) | 1.11 (0.80) |
Note. Mean demographically corrected z-scores and standard deviations of neuropsychological performance on the assessments included in each study battery by group. Assessments that are shared across both cohorts are in bold. PWH – People with HIV, ADS – Alzheimer's disease spectrum, HVLT-R – Hopkins Verbal Learning Test – Revised, WMS-IV – Wechsler Memory Scale, 4th Edition, WAIS-III – Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, 3rd Edition, WAIS-IV – Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, 4th Edition, WRAT-4 – Wide Range Achievement Test.
1
z-score.
2
Raw score.