Table 3.

Descriptive statistics of study variables (N = 332).

Variables	Mean ± SD	Male (Mean ± SD)	Female (Mean ± SD)	t	Skewness	Kurtosis
Population characteristic
SES	0.05 ± 3.03	0.29 ± 3.07	−0.50 ± 2.85	2.19*	0.88	0.62
Health behaviours
Illness perception	51.71 ± 5.85	51.58 ± 5.72	52.00 ± 6.17	−0.59	−0.06	−0.19
Social functioning	3.64 ± 2.93	3.44 ± 2.96	4.13 ± 2.80	−1.98*	0.46	−0.83
Health outcome
HRQoL	57.02 ± 2.93	57.09 ± 12.49	56.87 ± 11.99	0.15	0.12	−0.78

SES, socioeconomic status; HRQoL, health-related quality of life; SD, standard deviation. *p < 0.05.