Table 3.
Health Characteristics in Mexican Adults With Diabetes by Indigenous Group and Year of Survey
| 2000, | 2006, | 2012, | 2018, | p trend | 2000, | 2006, | 2012, | 2018, | p trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | ||
| Nonindigenous | Indigenous | |||||||||
| Frequency in thousands, n | 2,695 | 3,011 | 7,980 | 12,821 | 117 | 202 | 591 | 953 | ||
| Sample observations n | 2,778 | 2,067 | 1,258 | 2,155 | 162 | 185 | 157 | 230 | ||
| Characteristics related to diabetes | ||||||||||
| Age of diabetes onset, mean | 46.5 (45.5, 47.4) | 47.4 (46.2, 48.5) | 48.4 (45.8, 51.0) | 47.1 (46.0, 48.2) | 48.6 (46.1, 51.1) | 48.0 (44.9, 51.2) | 46.9 (45.0, 48.9) | 47.5 (44.9, 50.0) | ||
| Years with diabetes, mean | 8.8 (8.3, 9.4) | 8.4 (7.2, 9.6) | 9.9 (8.9, 10.9) | 11.7 (10.8, 12.6) | a | 8.7 (6.8, 10.6) | 6.7 (4.4, 9.1) | 8.0 (5.8, 10.2) | 8.7 (6.7, 10.7) | |
| Characteristics related to health condition | ||||||||||
| BMI | ||||||||||
| Normal | 24.9 (22.0, 28.1) | 18.8 (14.7, 23.7) | 19.1 (14.2, 25.1) | 17.5 (14.3, 21.3) | 30.7 (22.3, 40.6) | 22.7 (12.2, 38.2) | 20.3 (12.0, 32.1) | 18.3 (13.3, 24.7) | ||
| Overweight | 40.3 (37.4, 43.3) | 43.3 (38.0, 48.7) | 37.6 (32.4, 43.1) | 38.2 (34.4, 42.1) | a | 56.1 (46.1, 65.6) | 37.1 (25.3, 50.8) | 41.9 (24.3, 61.8) | 29.6 (20.3, 40.8) | a |
| Obesity | 34.7 (31.8, 37.8) | 37.9 (32.8, 43.3) | 43.3 (37.5, 49.2) | 44.3 (40.7, 48.0) | a | 13.2 (7.9, 21.2) | 40.2 (27.4, 54.4) | 37.8 (24.2, 53.7) | 52.1 (40.7, 63.4) | a |
| Abdominal obesity | 65.7 (62.8, 68.6) | 60.3 (54.6, 65.6) | 62.9 (57.2, 68.3) | 71.5 (67.3, 75.3) | a | 53.5 (40.2, 66.2) | 54.8 (40.4, 68.4) | 66.9 (52.1, 79.0) | 65.7 (58.3, 72.4) | a |
| Hypertriglyceridemia | 23.6 (21.2, 26.2) | 8.2 (5.9, 11.3) | NA | 29.7 (26.7, 32.9) | a | 27.9 (17.7, 41.0) | 2.9 (0.7, 11.4) | NA | 23.3 (14.7, 34.8) | a |
| Diagnosed hypertension | 37.5 (34.9, 40.2) | 29.5 (25.2, 34.2) | 40.0 (34.2, 46.1) | 36.7 (33.2, 40.4) | a | 34.3 (25.0, 44.9) | 26.2 (17.0, 38.2) | 29.3 (18.2, 43.5) | 29.3 (19.9, 40.8) | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 2.9 (2.1, 3.8) | 2.4 (1.4, 3.9) | NA | 3.1 (1.9, 5.1) | a | 0.0 (0.0, 0.3) | 0.0 (.,.) | NA | 0.8 (0.2, 3.8) | |
| Previous stroke | NA | 2.2 (1.0, 4.8) | 5.3 (3.3, 8.2) | 3.3 (2.2, 4.8) | a | NA | 1.8 (0.3, 12.1) | 0.7 (0.1, 3.3) | 0.4 (0.1, 1.7) | |
| Chronic heart failure | NA | 1.3 (0.7, 2.2) | 4.8 (2.0, 10.9) | 2.4 (1.7, 3.5) | a | NA | 1.6 (0.2, 10.9) | 0.1 (0.0, 0.8) | 0.3 (0.1, 1.6) | a |
| Cerebral vascular disease | NA | 0.4 (0.1, 1.0) | 5.1 (2.6, 9.9) | 7.5 (2.6, 20.3) | a | NA | 1.2 (0.2, 8.2) | 15.4 (2.9, 52.2) | 0.0 (.,.) | |
| Depression | NA | 23.7 (20.0, 27.9) | 32.4 (27.5, 37.9) | 25.3 (22.5, 28.4) | NA | 29.1 (18.0, 43.6) | 20.9 (12.4, 33.1) | 18.4 (11.9, 27.4) | ||
| Lifestyle habits | ||||||||||
| Current smoker | 18.0 (15.8, 20.4) | 16.1 (12.5, 20.5) | 18.4 (13.8, 24.1) | 14.8 (12.4, 17.4) | a | 13.1 (7.0, 23.3) | 9.7 (4.4, 20.1) | 7.1 (2.8, 17.0) | 2.8 (1.3, 6.0) | |
| Current drinker | 28.6 (26.3, 31.1) | 26.1 (23.1, 29.4) | 21.2 (18.0, 24.7) | 24.1 (21.5, 26.9) | 34.9 (25.3, 45.9) | 24.6 (16.6, 34.7) | 22.0 (13.1, 34.6) | 14.1 (9.0, 21.3) | ||
| Current soft drink consumer (ml), mean | NA | 193.5 (173.7, 213.3) | 263.9 (184.2, 343.6) | 269.5 (229.6, 309.4) | a | NA | 162.7 (123.3, 202.2) | 91.7 (58.3, 125.1) | 195.3 (144.5, 246.1) | a |
a
Linear ptrend<0.05.
NA, not available.