Fig. 5.

PLMDs plus RT induces apoptosis and inhibits tumor growth and prolonged median survival of TRAMP-C2 tumor-bearing mice. (A) Schematic of PLMDs and RT treatments of subcutaneous flank TRAMP-C2 tumors grown in C57BL/6J mice. (B) Tumor tissue stained by hematoxylin / eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry for cleaved caspase-3 in TRAMP-C2 tumors 5 d after various treatments. Scale bars, 200 μm. (C) Composite growth curves for the 4 treatment groups. Individual mouse tumor growth curves for (D) saline group, (E) PLMDs group animals, (F) RT alone-treated animals, and (G) PLMDs + RT-treated animals. (H) Kaplan–Meier survival curves for TRAMP-C2 tumor-bearing mice receiving various treatments. Tumor growth kinetics of following treatment with saline (n = 5), PLMDs (0.87 mg MnO₂/kg bw) (n = 5), RT alone (10 Gy) (n = 5), and PLMDs + RT treatment (n = 5). The numbers in the plot indicate the median survival days for each treatment group. RT (10 Gy) was locally delivered 4 h post intravenous injection of PLMDs. Data are expressed as means ± SD. P < 0.05 (*), P < 0.005 (**), P < 0.0005 (***), and P < 0.0001 (****).