Table 3.

HRs and 95% CIs of all-cause mortality in patients with hypertension according to the status of obesity and LLM defined by different ALM indexes

Multivariate models	Method A (ALM/height2)				Method B (ALM/weight)				Method C (ALM/BMI)
	Normal (n = 177)	Obesity (n = 731)	LLM (n = 97)	LLM with obesity (n = 100)	Normal (n = 274)	Obesity (n = 702)	LLM (n = 0)	LLM with obesity (n = 129)	Normal (n = 248)	Obesity (n = 560)	LLM (n = 26)	LLM with obesity (n = 271)
Deaths/person-years	89/2516	408/10,308	72/1158	73/1166	161/3674	384/9947	N/A	97/1527	146/3345	299/8002	15/329	182/3472
Model 1	1.00 (ref.)	1.28 0.99–1.65 P = 0.064	1.47 1.08-2.00 P = 0.014	1.65 1.09–2.49 P = 0.017	1.00 (ref.)	1.05 0.86–1.27 P = 0.638	N/A	1.62 1.15–2.27 P = 0.005	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 0.80–1.26 P = 0.971	0.83 0.50–1.39 P = 0.484	1.42 1.11–1.83 P = 0.006
Model 2	1.00 (ref.)	1.28 1.01–1.63 P = 0.044	1.50 1.04–2.14 P = 0.028	1.77 1.22–2.58 P = 0.003	1.00 (ref.)	1.05 0.87–1.27 P = 0.604	N/A	1.62 1.16–2.26 P = 0.004	1.00 (ref.)	1.01 0.82–1.25 P = 0.928	0.77 0.36–1.65 P = 0.505	1.37 1.09–1.74 P = 0.008
Model 3	1.00 (ref.)	1.23 0.95–1.60 P = 0.115	1.32 0.91–1.93 P = 0.148	1.69 1.14–2.49 P = 0.008	1.00 (ref.)	1.08 0.88–1.33 P = 0.455	N/A	1.48 1.04–2.10 P = 0.028	1.00 (ref.)	1.05 0.83–1.32 P = 0.682	0.80 0.41–1.54 P = 0.501	1.30 1.02–1.66 P = 0.037

Abbreviations: ALM, appendicular lean mass; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; LLM, low lean mass

Data are presented as n or weighted HR (95% CI).

Model 1: adjusted for age, sex, and race/ethnicity

Model 2: model 1 + educational level, family income-to-poverty ratio, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, and total protein intake

Model 3: model 2 + diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, cognitive problem, arthritis, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular disease