TABLE 5.

Summary of anti-HIV activities of dicaffeoylquinic acids, precursors, and active analogs

Compound	LD5 (μM)	ED50 (μM)	IC50 (μM) against HIV-1:
			gp120a	RTb	RTc	RNase Hd	INe
Quinic acid	911	>1,822	NTf	NT	>>2,604	>260	NT
Caffeic acid	1,389	>1,389	>278	>278	>>2,780	>278	>278
Chlorogenic acid	250	>499	NA	>142	>1,420	>142	>142
1-MO-3,5-DCQA	372	7	>83	7	>830	>83	0.47
1,5-DCQA	145	4	>97	>97	>970	>>97	0.84
4,5-DCQA	145	4	>97	>97	>>970	>>97	0.30
3,5-DCQA	290	2	>97	107	>>970	>>97	0.66
3,4-DCQA (synthetic)	116	12	>97	103	NT	>>97	0.71
l-CCA	264	4	105	17	422	>105	0.15

^agp120-CD4 inhibition was measured with a commercially available enzyme immunoassay kit (DuPont). NA, no activity. 

^bRT activity against a heteropolymeric template was measured with a commercially available, nonradioactive kit (DuPont). IC₅₀ are approximate, as several compounds never reached 50% inhibition. 

^cRT activity against a poly(rC)-oligo(dT) template. >>, <10% inhibition at concentrations of 500 μg/ml or greater. None of the compounds had activity against a poly(rA)-oligo(dT) homopolymeric template. 

^dIC₅₀ of the compounds against HIV-1 RNase H was determined with an Amersham SPA kit according to the manufacturer’s instructions. >, some inhibition of the reaction was observed in the experiment; >>, no inhibition of RNase H activity was observed at 50 μg/ml (see Table 3). 

^eIC₅₀ of HIV_LAI IN activity in disintegration assays as described by Chow et al. (8). Percent inhibition of other IN activities (3′-end processing and 3′ strand transfer) were determined for all compounds; the IC₅₀ for those reactions tended to be approximately twofold less than in the disintegration assays. Bands were quantitated by densitometry and percent inhibition was calculated from the solvent and test bands. Results have been previously reported (44). 

^fNT, not tested.