Table 1.
Demographic and Clincial Characteristics of Pain Mechanism Groups
| .Variable | Stat | Nociceptive | Neuropathic | Nociceptive/Nociplastic | Neuropathic/Nociplastic | p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants | Sum | 246 | 44 | 155 | 123 | - |
| DEMO | ||||||
| Age | Mean (SD) | 47.6 (16.32) b | 45.1 (15.39) ab | 43.4 (15.62) ab | 41.3 (13.63) b | 0.0016 |
| Sex | Male | 106 (43.1%) | 19 (43.2%) | 37 (23.9%) | 28 (22.8%) | <.0001 |
| Sex | Female | 140 (56.9%) | 25 (56.8%) | 118 (76.1%) | 95 (77.2%) | |
| UCPPS Clinical characteristics | ||||||
| Diagnosis | IC/BPS | 155 (63.0%) c,d | 27 (61.4%) | 122 (78.7%) | 96 (78.0%) | 0.0100 |
| Diagnosis | CP/CPPS | 70 (28.5%) | 12 (27.3%) | 27 (17.4%) | 16 (13.0%) | |
| Diagnosis | Both | 16 (6.5%) | 4 (9.1%) | 6 (3.9%) | 8 (6.5%) | |
| Diagnosis | None | 5 (2.0%) | 1 (2.3%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (2.4%) | |
| RICE: painful bladder filling | Yes | 143 (58.1%) c,d | 24 (54.5%) | 112 (72.3%) | 90 (73.2%) | 0.0024 |
| RICE: painful urgency | Yes | 141 (57.3%) b,c,d | 35 (79.5%) | 116 (74.8%) | 98 (79.7%) | <.0001 |
| RICE: Either | Yes | 187 (76.0%) c,d | 38 (86.4%) | 140 (90.3%) | 111 (90.2%) | 0.0002 |
| RICE: Both | Yes | 97 (39.4%) c,d | 21 (47.7%) | 88 (56.8%) | 77 (62.6%) | <.0001 |
| Symptom Duration (years) | Mean (SD) | 11.5 (11.76) | 9.4 (9.58) | 13.1 (12.36) | 13.4 (11.33) | 0.1335 |
| Pain Severity [0–28] | Mean (SD) | 12.0 (5.45) b,c,d | 16.4 (4.37) | 14.1 (4.83) b,d | 18.4 (4.71) a | <.0001 |
| Urinary Severity [0–25] | Mean (SD) | 9.7 (6.01) | 12.1 (5.99) | 11.5 (5.65) | 15.6 (5.66) a,b,c | <.0001 |
| Comorbid Pain | ||||||
| SYMQ6: Non-urologic pain [0–10] | Mean (SD) | 2.3 (2.25) | 2.5 (2.30) | 4.1 (2.37) a,b | 5.2 (2.58) a,b,c | <.0001 |
| Number of COPC [out of 5] | Mean (SD) | 0.4 (0.65) | 0.8 (0.94) | 1.5 (1.17) a,b | 2.1 (1.32) a,b,c | <.0001 |
| Pelvic floor and genital map | ||||||
| Pelvic Floor Index 6 [0–6] | Mean (SD) | 2.9 (2.04) b,c,d | 4.5 (1.73) | 3.7 (2.01) | 4.3 (1.83) | <.0001 |
| Perineal pain on exam | Yes | 50 (20.7%) c,d | 22 (52.4%) c | 40 (27.0%) d | 47 (39.2%) | <.0001 |
| Suprapubic pain on exam | Yes | 86 (35.5%) b,c,d | 26 (63.4%) | 82 (55.4%) | 81 (67.5%) | <.0001 |
| no. of genital pain sites on sex-specific genital map | Mean (SD) | 1.2 (1.07) b,d | 2.0 (1.18) c | 1.2 (1.05) d | 1.8 (1.18) | <.0001 |
| PEX reproduces pain | 1 = Yes | 139 (58.4%) b,d | 34 (82.9%) c | 86 (58.9%) d | 97 (81.5%) | <.0001 |
| Psychosocial and QOLI | ||||||
| SF-12 PCS | Mean (SD) | 50.5 (7.81) c,d | 47.4 (7.31) d | 44.1 (9.29) d | 36.9 (9.15) | <.0001 |
| SF-12 MCS | Mean (SD) | 49.0 (8.55) c,d | 45.4 (7.53) c,d | 39.7 (9.82) d | 35.4 (10.15) | <.0001 |
| BPI pain severity | Mean (SD) | 11.9 (7.47) b,c,d | 17.3 (6.96) d | 14.5 (7.11) d | 21.1 (7.42) | <.0001 |
| BPI pain interference | Mean (SD) | 14.0 (12.96) b,c,d | 22.3 (15.82) d | 26.1 (15.33) d | 42.2 (16.76) | <.0001 |
| HADS Depression | Mean (SD) | 3.4 (3.23) c,d | 5.0 (3.52) c,d | 6.9 (4.17) d | 9.3 (4.69) | <.0001 |
| HADS Anxiety | Mean (SD) | 5.5 (3.97) d | 7.1 (3.97) d | 8.1 (4.62) d | 10.2 (5.11) | <.0001 |
| CSQ Sum of Questions 1–6 (0–36) | Mean (SD) | 8.5 (7.43) c,d | 10.2 (7.61) d | 12.5 (7.96) d | 16.3 (9.06) | <.0001 |
| WHODAS | Mean (SD) | 5.59 (5.74) b,c,d | 9.25 (16.54) d | 11.81 (7.19) d | 20.02 (8.95) | <.0001 |
| Medication Use | ||||||
| Number of Meds | Mean (SD) | 6.4 (4.45) c,d | 6.3 (3.64) d | 8.4 (5.32) d | 9.8 (6.65) | <.0001 |
| Max Pain Med Category | None | 59 (24.0%) | 10 (22.7%) | 26 (16.8%) | 17 (13.8%) | 0.0142 |
| Max Pain Med Category | Peripheral | 48 (19.5%) | 8 (18.2%) | 31 (20.0%) | 21 (17.1%) | |
| Max Pain Med Category | Central | 109 (44.3%) | 17 (38.6%) | 68 (43.9%) | 48 (39.0%) | |
| Max Pain Med Category | Opioid | 30 (12.2%) b | 9 (20.5%) ab | 30 (19.4%) ab | 37 (30.1%) a | |
a
p < .0083 vs. NOC
b
p < .0083 vs. NP
c
p < .0083 vs. NOC + CNS
d
p < .0083 vs. NP + CNS