CITE-seq analyses of immune cells of vedolizumab nonresponders and responders. A, Experimental design. Immune cells from blood and colon derived from subjects with ulcerative colitis (UC) treated with vedolizumab (VDZ) for 5 to 9 months were stained with the TotalSeq antibody cocktail and fluorescently labeled antibodies, isolated by FACS, and prepared for CITE-seq using the 10x Genomics Chromium platform. Image created with BioRender.com. B, UMAP plots colored by tissue compartment identity, (C) by nonresponder (NR) vs responder (R), and (D) major immune cell type. E-I, Proportions of naïve B cells, TH17 cells, terminal effector CD4+ T cells, terminal effector CD8+ T cells, and innate lymphoid cell/natural killer cell (ILC/NK) in colon tissue. J, Naïve B cells as a proportion of total colon B cells. K, TH17 cells as a proportion of total colon CD4+ T cells. L, Terminal effector CD4+ T cells as a proportion of total colon CD4+ T cells. M, Terminal effector CD8+ T cells as a proportion of total colon CD8+ T cells.