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Circulating immune cells biomarkers of response for antitumor immunotherapy. Peripheral blood immune cells (such as CD8+, CD4+, NK, NKT, B, Tregs, DCs, and MDSC cells) have been identified as potential biomarkers in immunotherapy. PD‐L1, programmed cell death ligand‐1; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; NK cells, natural killer cells; DCs, classical dendritic cells; MDSCs, myeloid‐derived suppressor cells; Tregs, regulatory T cells (www.biorender.com).
