Table 1. The main results of tirzepatide in phase 3 clinical trials.
| Study name | Enrolled patients | Study arms | Duration (wk) | ΔHbA1c (%) | ΔBW (kg) | ΔSBP (mmHg) | ΔDBP (mmHg) | ΔLDL-C (%) | ΔTG (%) | ΔHDL-C (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SURPASS 12 | T2DM | Placebo | 40 | 0.04 | −0.7 | −2.0 | −1.4 | −1.6 | 4.7 | −3.8 |
| Tirzepatide (5, 10, 15 mg) | −1.87, −1.89, −2.07 | −7.0, −7.8, −9.5 | −4.7, −4.7, −5.2 | −2.-, −3.1, −3.4 | −6.7, −7.6, −12.4 | −18.5, −18.2, −21.0 | 4.8, 3.2, 7.5 | |||
| SURPASS 23 | T2DM | Semaglutide 1 mg | 40 | −1.86 | −5.7 | −3.6 | −1.0 | −6.4 | −11.5 | 4.4 |
| Tirzepatide (5, 10, 15 mg) | −2.01, −2.24, −2.30 | −7.6, −9.3, −11.2 | −4.8, −5.3, −6.5 | −1.9, −2.5, −2.9 | −7.7, −5.6, −5.2 | −19.0, −24.1, −24.8 | 6.8, 7.9, 7.1 | |||
| SURPASS 34 | T2DM | Insulin Degludec | 52 | −1.34 | 2.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 | −2.71 | −12.2 | 1.03 |
| Tirzepatide (5, 10, 15 mg) | −1.93, −2.20, −2.37 | −7.5, −10.7, −12.9 | −4.9, −6.6, −5.5 | −2.0, −2.5, −1.9 | −6.01, −5.70, −6.55 | −15.4, −26.7, −25.2 | 5.49, 10.22, 10.20 | |||
| SURPASS 45 | T2DM | Insulin Glargine | 52 | −1.44 | 1.9 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 1.4 | −6.4 | 2.9 |
| Tirzepatide (5, 10, 15 mg) | −2.24, −2.43, −2.58 | −7.1, −9.5, −11.7 | −2.8, −3.7, −4.8 | −1.0, −0.8, −1.0 | −6.8, −8.3, −7.9 | −16.3, −20.1, −22.5 | 6.7, 9.7, 10.8 | |||
| SURPASS 56 | T2DM* | Placebo | 40 | −0.86 | 1.6 | −1.7 | −2.1 | 2.8 | −6.8 | 1.7 |
| Tirzepatide (5, 10, 15 mg) | −2.11, −2.40, −2.34 | −5.4, −7.5, −8.8 | −6.1, −8.3, −12.6 | −2.0, −3.3, −4.5 | −8.9, −12.8, −15.5 | −15.2, −19.3, −24.9 | 2.1, 1.8, 0.9 | |||
| SURPASS J-Mono27 | T2DM | Dulaglutide 0.75 mg | 52 | −1.3 | −0.5 | −1.4 | 0.1 | −4.8 | −8.2 | 0 |
| Tirzepatide (5, 10, 15 mg) | −2.4, −2.6, −2.8 | −5.8, −8.5, −10.7 | −6.5, −8.8, −11.0 | −3.2, −4.0, −5.6 | −12.0, −12.8, −19.3 | −27.1, −32.8, −37.7 | 3.8, 5.4, 5.9 | |||
| SURPASS J-Combo28 | T2DM | Tirzepatide (5, 10, 15 mg) | 52 | −2.5, −3.0, −3.0 | −3.8, −7.5, −10.2 | −5.1, −8.7, −10.2 | −2.7, −3.4, −3.6 | −13.6, −15.1, −18.0 | −21.9, −31.1, −37.4 | 0.9, 2.4, 5.1 |
| SURMOUNT 17 | Non-T2DM | Placebo | 72 | N/A | −3.1 | 1.2 | −1.0 | −0.9 | −6.3 | 0.2 |
| Tirzepatide (5, 10, 15 mg) | N/A | −15.0, −19.5, −20.9 | −7.0, −7.6, −8.2 | −4.6, −5.2, −5.5 | −5.3, −6.6, −8.6 | −24.3, −27.0, −31.4 | 7.0, 8.6, 8.2 |
All values indicate the changes from the baseline (Δ).
HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; BW, body weight; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; N/A, not available.
*Treated with insulin glargine.