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. 2023 Oct 3;13:186. doi: 10.1186/s13578-023-01109-0

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — The effect of DCA on Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation. a Splenocytes were differentiated under Th0 or Th1-polarizing conditions for 72 h in the absence or presence of different dosage of DCA, then the cells were re-stimulated with PMA/ionomycin and analyzed for the percentages of IFN γ-producing CD4⁺ T cells by flow cytometry (n = 3). b Splenocytes were differentiated under Th0 or Th2-polarizing conditions for 72 h in the absence or presence of different dosage of DCA, then the cells were re-stimulated with PMA/ionomycin and analyzed for the percentages of IL-4-producing CD4⁺ T cells by flow cytometry (n = 3). n.s.: no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). One-way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparisons tests were used (a and b right panel). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM from at least three independent experiments or representative data (a and b left panel)