TABLE 3.
STOMA-scores Predictive Accuracy in the Development Cohort
| Predictor | Univariable model; OR (95% CI) | Multivariable model; OR (95% CI)* |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||
| Male | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Female | 1.19 (0.97–1.46) | 1.14 (0.90–1.43) |
| Age (yr); median (57–72 IQR)† | 1.21 (1.07–1.36) | 1.22 (1.06–1.41) |
| ASA classification | ||
| ASA-I | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| ASA-II | 1.15 (0.90–1.50) | 1.08 (0.81–1.44) |
| ASA-III/IV | 1.48 (1.11–1.98) | 1.12 (0.80–1.59) |
| BMI | ||
| Normal | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Underweight | 1.41 (0.90–2.22) | 1.30 (0.79–2.14) |
| Overweight | 1.08 (0.86–1.34) | 1.13 (0.89–1.43) |
| Obese | 0.95 (0.73–1.24) | 0.90 (0.68–1.21) |
| Clinical M-disease | ||
| M0 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| M1 | 2.08 (1.44–3.01) | 1.80 (1.19–2.72) |
| Neoadjuvant therapy | ||
| None | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Radiotherapy | 1.05 (0.79–1.41) | 1.17 (0.84–1.62) |
| Chemotherapy | 1.61 (0.83–3.13) | 1.10 (0.52–2.36) |
| Chemoradiation | 1.03 (0.85–1.25) | 1.13 (0.89–1.42) |
| Abdominal approach | ||
| Laparoscopic | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Robot-assisted | 0.83 (0.60–1.14) | 0.86 (0.60–1.23) |
| Laparotomy | 1.58 (1.29–1.94) | 1.31 (1.04–1.65) |
| Defunctioning stoma created at index surgery | 1.04 (0.86–1.26) | 1.31 (1.04–1.66) |
| TaTME | 0.71 (0.56–0.90) | 0.79 (0.61–1.04) |
| Multivisceral resection | 1.36 (0.94–1.98) | 1.18 (0.78–1.78) |
| Clinical setting diagnosis AL | ||
| Surgical ward | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Intensive care/high care unit | 1.64 (1.02–2.63) | 1.22 (0.72–2.06) |
| ED | 0.89 (0.66–1.20) | 1.01 (0.73–1.42) |
| Outpatient clinic | 0.66 (0.52–0.85) | 0.75 (0.56–1.01) |
| Postoperative day of AL diagnosis, median (5–18 IQR)† | 1.00 (0.97–1.03) | 1.02 (0.99–1.06) |
| Anastomotic defect circumference | ||
| 0%–25% | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| 25%–50% | 2.15 (1.55–2.97) | 1.72 (1.21–2.45) |
| 50%–100% | 4.05 (2.65–6.20) | 2.53 (1.53–4.19) |
| Ischemia bowel wall | 2.53 (1.83–3.50) | 1.51 (1.03–2.21) |
| Retraction afferent colon | 2.85 (1.71–4.72) | 1.30 (0.70–2.42) |
| Fistula(s) | 1.33 (0.92–1.92) | 1.10 (0.73–1.68) |
| Abdominal contamination | 2.33 (1.90–2.85) | 1.81 (1.41–2.32) |
| Reactivation leakage | 1.71 (1.20–2.43) | 1.50 (1.02–2.20) |
*
Presented odds ratios after internal validation.
†
For continuous variables, odds ratios represent interquartile range odds ratios.
The odds ratio presented gives insight into the importance of predictors, which are expressed on a relative scale. These can be considered as a representation of the contribution to the predicted risk. A causal relation between predictor and outcome or the magnitude of the effect is not necessarily presented by the odds ratios.
BMI indicates body mass index; ED, emergency department; TaTME, transanal total mesorectal excision.