Table 2.
Child health behaviors, family eating habits and indicators of parent diet quality and associations with children’s diet quality.
|
|
|
Children’s HEI scores |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | Mean (SD) | P-valuea | |
|
| |||
| Child health behaviors | |||
| Hours of outside play | |||
| <14 h per week | 204 (38.1%) | 54.6 (8.9) | 0.53 |
| 14–21 h per week | 138 (25.8%) | 55.0 (9.9) | |
| >21 h per week | 193 (36.1%) | 53.9 (9.5) | |
| Nighttime sleep | |||
| <10 h per night | 44 (8.2%) | 56.1 (10.4) | 0.22 |
| ≥10 h per night | 491 (91.8%) | 54.3 (9.3) | |
| TV in the bedroom | |||
| Yes | 95 (18.1%) | 52.0 (9.7) | <0.01 |
| No | 431 (88.9%) | 54.9 (9.2) | |
| Usual fast food intake | |||
| Less than once a month | 189 (35.3%) | 57.5 (9.4) | <0.001 |
| At least monthly to less than once a week | 200 (37.4%) | 53.3 (9.0) | |
| At least weekly | 146 (27.2%) | 52.2 (8.9) | |
| Family eating habits | |||
| Eat dinner together as a family, days per week | |||
| 2 or less | 35 (6.5%) | 52.2 (8.3) | 0.04 |
| 3 or 4 | 90 (16.9%) | 52.8 (9.5) | |
| 5 or 6 | 156 (29.2%) | 54.2 (9.7) | |
| 7 | 253 (47.4%) | 55.5 (9.2) | |
| Indicators of parent diet quality | |||
| Daily vegetable and fruit intakeb | |||
| Below guidelines for both | 196 (36.8%) | 52.8 (9.1) | <0.01 |
| Below guidelines for one | 135 (25.3%) | 54.2 (8.9) | |
| Meets guidelines for both | 202 (37.9%) | 56.2 (9.7) | |
| Frequency of soda intake | |||
| 0 days a week | 394 (74.5%) | 55.1 (9.5) | 0.02 |
| 1–2 days a week | 71 (13.4%) | 53.6 (9.3) | |
| 3 or more days a week | 64 (12.1%) | 51.7 (8.6) | |
| Frequency of fast food intake | |||
| Less than once a month | 169 (31.6%) | 56.3 (9.5) | <0.01 |
| At least monthly yet less than once a week | 161 (30.1%) | 54.4 (9.1) | |
| At least weekly | 205 (38.3%) | 52.9 (9.3) | |
Among 535 children and one parent enrolled in a cohort study who completed a multiple day food diary assessment. R = Pearson’s correlation coefficients. Scatterplots confirmed associations were linear in each instance.
P-values are from Pearson’ s correlation coefficients or one-way ANOVA.
A d-supported TV included viewing of any of the six predefined ad-supported children’s TV networks (Boomerang, Cartoon Network, Disney XD, the HUB, Nickelodeon, or Nicktoons). Ad-free TV included viewing of any of the five predefined ad-free children’s TV networks (Disney Channel, Disney Jr., Nick Jr., PBS Kids or Sprout) and was combined with DVD or VHS viewing. Mixed ad- exposure included mobile applications, Internet and video or computer games.