Table 2.
Baseline model regression results.
| OLS | OLS | 2SLS | 2SLS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
| Panel A:2SLS results | ||||
| UCHECS | 0.036** (0.017) | 0.081*** (0.030) | 0.156** (0.067) | 0.161** (0.074) |
| Gender | −0.034** (0.014) | −0.033** (0.014) | ||
| Age | −0.003*** (0.001) | −0.003*** (0.001) | ||
| Household registration | −0.063*** (0.022) | −0.064*** (0.022) | ||
| Marital status | 0.006 (0.014) | 0.005 (0.014) | ||
| Education: primary school | −0.036** (0.018) | −0.034* (0.018) | ||
| Education: junior high school | 0.005 (0.022) | 0.007 (0.022) | ||
| Education: high school or above | 0.083*** (0.028) | 0.084*** (0.028) | ||
| Number of cohabitants | −0.004 (0.008) | −0.003 (0.008) | ||
| Ln (individual annual income) | 0.030*** (0.009) | 0.031*** (0.009) | ||
| Whether having commercial insurance or social security | 0.036 (0.022) | 0.035 (0.022) | ||
| Whether smoking | −0.021 (0.018) | −0.020 (0.018) | ||
| Daily activities: limitations in ADL | −0.161*** (0.018) | −0.167*** (0.018) | ||
| Daily activities: limitations in IADL | −0.142*** (0.051) | −0.147*** (0.051) | ||
| Daily activities: limitations in both ADL and IADL | −0.293*** (0.025) | −0.305*** (0.025) | ||
| Whether having chronic illness | −0.202*** (0.019) | −0.203*** (0.019) | ||
| Ln (per capita household annually income) | 0.005 (0.010) | 0.004 (0.010) | ||
| Number of surviving children | −0.008 (0.006) | −0.007 (0.006) | ||
| Family financial support | −0.030 (0.024) | −0.029 (0.024) | ||
| Family emotional support | 0.043* (0.022) | 0.041* (0.022) | ||
| Whether having senior centers and other facilities in community | 0.055** (0.022) | 0.050** (0.022) | ||
| Community location | −0.055** (0.025) | −0.056** (0.025) | ||
| Panel B: First-stage results | ||||
| CP_CHECS | 0.083*** (0.010) | 0.039** (0.015) | ||
| CU_CHECS | 0.801*** (0.021) | 0.859*** (0.032) | ||
| 1st Kleibergen-Paap rk Wald F statistic | 1932.601 | 566.867 | ||
| Hansen J-test p-value | 0.896 | 0.428 | ||
| Observations | 9,654 | 6,786 | 9,652 | 6,785 |
***Significant at the 1% level; **Significant at the 5% level; *Significant at the 10% level. Robust Standard errors are reported in parentheses in columns (1) and (3); Standard errors clustered at the community level are reported in parentheses in columns (2) and (4).