Mitnik 1985.

Methods	Study design: parallel RCT Study period: NS
Participants	Inclusion criteria Setting/recruitment: Nephrology clinic of the Hospital Roberto del Rio and the Paediatric Clinic of the Chilean Air Force Country: Chile Children aged 2 years to 14 years with symptoms of a UTI (including frequency, dysuria, urgency, foul smelling urine, enuresis and/or haematuria) and significant bacteriuria defined as ≥ 105 cfu/mL in voided urine sample, or ≥ 1000 cfu/mL on supra‐pubic aspiration. Children were required to have had not more than 2 previous UTIs, and the most recent at least 6 months prior to the start of the study. Number: treatment group 1 (27); treatment group 2 (35); control group (36) Sex (M/F): 11/87 Exclusion criteria Fever > 38ºC, low back pain; a history of UTI; anatomical abnormalities; received antibiotics in the week prior to the study.
Interventions	Treatment group 1 3‐day antibiotics Treatment group 2 5‐day antibiotics Control group 10‐day antibiotics Children were administered a first generation cephalosporin, nitrofurantoin or TMP‐SMX depending on the sensitivity of the organism cultured
Outcomes	Recurrence (at 2‐3 months)
Notes	The 3‐day and 5‐day interventions were combined into one group and compared to the 10‐day control Source of funding: NS
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not reported
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not reported
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not reported
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	All patients analysed in group to which they were assigned
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All planned outcomes were reported