TABLE 3.
DEP and ANX in patients with HCV-related LD
| References, country | Study design | HCV patient (N) | Comparison group (N) | Assessment and cut-score | Prevalence DEP | Prevalence ANX |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boscarino et al18 US | Cross-sectional | 4781 | — | PHQ-8, ≥ 10 | 29.7% | — |
| Carta et al 17 Italy | Cross-sectional | 135 |
76 HBV
540 control |
CIDI |
32.6% lifetime-HCV
15.1% lifetime-HBV 12.8% lifetime-control |
8.9% lifetime panic-HCV
7.9% lifetime panic-HBV 2.8% lifetime panic-control |
| Erim et al20 Germany | Cross-sectional | 81 | — | BDI, ≥14 HADS-A, ≥7 |
25.9% | — |
| Gallach et al 21 Spain | Intervention | 145 | — | HADS ≥7 | 13.1% at baseline | 8.3% at baseline |
| Schaefer et al 22 | Review | — | — | Various |
30%–70%
15%–45% MDD |
11%—45% |
| Younossi et al19 | Meta-analysis | 130,039 | 127,506 | Various | 24.5% pooled estimate 17.2% of non-HCV controls |
— |
Note: Italicized = Studies that examined both DEP and ANX.
Abbreviations: BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; CIDI, Composite International Diagnostic Interview; GADI, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Inventory; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; INF, Interferon (INF)-alpha treatment; PHQ-8, Patient Health Questionnaire, 8-Item Version.