Effects of BE-CF combination on tendon-bone healing in a rat model of ACLR. (A) Representative images of the graft-bone interface at postoperative week 4 and 8 (HE staining). AG, autograft; B, bone; TBI, tendon-bone interface; LCT, loose connective tissue. (B) Immunohistochemical staining for Aggrecan protein in the graft-bone interface 4 and 8 weeks after modelling. Immunofluorescence staining for BMP7 protein (C) and SOX9 protein (D) in the graft-bone interface at 4 and 8 weeks. Relative expression level for BMP7 (E) and SOX9 (F) in the graft-bone interface at 4 and 8 weeks. CF: cartilage fragment; BE-CF: BMSCs-Exos/cartilage fragments complex. * and *** indicate p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively.