Table 3.
Efficacy of T2D preventive interventions according to clinical effect modifiers.
| T2D preventive strategies | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lifestyle intervention | Dietary pattern intervention | Dietary supplements intervention | |||||||
| Modifier | Number of studies | Effect modificationa | Certainty of evidenceb | Number of studies | Effect modificationa | Certainty of evidenceb | Number of studies | Effect modificationa | Certainty of evidenceb |
| BMI | 14 |
Yes: 5 studies No: 9 studies |
Grade D | 3 | No: 3 studies | Grade D | 4 |
Yes: 1 study No: 3 studies |
Grade D |
| Prediabetes | 18 |
Yes: 8 studies No: 10 studies |
Grade D | 1 | No: 1 study | Grade D | 1 | No: 1 study | Grade D |
| Family history | 3 |
Yes: 1 study No: 2 studies |
Grade D | – | – | 3 |
Yes: 2 studies No: 1 study |
Grade D | |
| Dyslipidemia/medications | 1 | No: 1 study | Grade D | 2 | Yes: 2 studies | Grade D | 2 |
Yes: 1 study No: 1 study |
Grade D |
| Hypertension | – | – | – | 2 |
Yes: 1 study No: 1 study |
Grade D | 2 | No: 2 studies | Grade D |
| Metabolic syndrome | – | – | – | 1 | Yes: 1 study | Grade D | 1 | No: 1 study | Grade D |
| Menopausal status, HRT use | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 | No: 3 studies | Grade D |
Overview of the included studies investigating whether clinical factors modify the response to T2D preventive intervention strategies.
aYes/No corresponds to significant/nonsignificant effect modification, as reported in the study.
bCertainty of evidence denotes consistency, Grading based on Diabetes Canada scale A to D.