Table 2.
Effect of the FAARM intervention on morbidity outcomes among children 0 to 36 months old
| Time period* | Con. | Int. | OR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diarrhea period prevalence, 7-day recall | ||||
| Overall | 4.0% | 3.8% | 0.92 (0.71–1.19) | 0.53 |
| Year 1 | 5.9% | 5.4% | 0.91 (0.68–1.23) | 0.55 |
| Year 2 | 3.2% | 3.2% | 1.01 (0.72–1.41) | 0.96 |
| Year 3 | 2.8% | 2.6% | 0.91 (0.63–1.32) | 0.62 |
| Scale-down | 3.7% | 2.8% | 0.72 (0.50–1.04) | 0.08 |
| Postintervention | 6.9% | 9.0% | 1.28 (0.77–2.10) | 0.34 |
| Total no. of observations | 32,460 | – | – | – |
| Total no. of children | 3,276 | – | – | – |
| Diarrhea point prevalence, 2-day recall | ||||
| Overall | 1.7% | 1.7% | 1.03 (0.78–1.36) | 0.82 |
| Year 1 | 2.2% | 2.4% | 1.08 (0.79–1.49) | 0.63 |
| Year 2 | 1.4% | 1.6% | 1.12 (0.78–1.60) | 0.53 |
| Year 3 | 1.2% | 1.2% | 1.01 (0.68–1.49) | 0.96 |
| Scale-down | 1.5% | 1.3% | 0.81 (0.55–1.20) | 0.30 |
| Postintervention | 3.3% | 3.7% | 1.09 (0.65–1.82) | 0.76 |
| Total no. of observations | 64,920 | – | – | – |
| Total no. of children | 3,276 | – | – | – |
| ARI period prevalence, 7-day recall | ||||
| Overall | 3.3% | 3.5% | 1.18 (0.88–1.60) | 0.27 |
| Year 1 | 2.5% | 2.3% | 1.09 (0.74–1.62) | 0.66 |
| Year 2 | 1.7% | 2.0% | 1.36 (0.89–2.08) | 0.15 |
| Year 3 | 4.1% | 4.7% | 1.26 (0.88–1.80) | 0.21 |
| Scale-down | 4.2% | 4.6% | 1.20 (0.83–1.74) | 0.33 |
| Postintervention | 11.7% | 10.1% | 0.93 (0.58–1.50) | 0.78 |
| Total no. of observations | 32,460 | – | – | – |
| Total no. of children | 3,276 | – | – | – |
ARI = acute respiratory infection; CI = confidence interval; Con. = control; FAARM = Food and Agricultural Approaches to Reducing Malnutrition; Int. = intervention; OR = odds ratio.
The first year of the intervention was from September 2015 to August 2016; the second year, from September 2016 to August 2017; and the third year, from September 2017 to August 2018. The scale-down of the intervention was from September 2018 to September 2019, during which field activities were phased out and stopped by December 2018, and only a nutrition counseling refresher training was provided in May 2019. The postintervention end line survey was conducted from October 2019 to February 2020.
Values are raw percentages, and ORs and 95% CIs are calculated using mixed-effects logistic regression models with a random effect at the settlement level to account for clustering. An interaction term was used to calculate effects by year. Analyses are intention-to-treat.