Table 1.
Severe difficulty falling asleep | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | Overall | No (n = 8,243) | Yes (n = 683) | p value |
Age(years) | 46.80 ± 16.68 | 46.84 ± 16.73 | 46.34 ± 16.10 | 0.8798 |
Gender, n (%)a | <0.001 | |||
Male | 4,343 (48) | 4,084 (49) | 259 (35) | |
Female | 4,583 (52) | 4,159 (51) | 424 (65) | |
Race/ethnicity, n (%)a | 0.5 | |||
Non-hispanic white | 4,448 (72) | 4,092 (72) | 356 (73) | |
Non-hispanic black | 1814 (10) | 1,677 (10) | 137 (11) | |
Mexican American/other hispanic/other race | 2,664 (17) | 2,474 (17) | 190 (16) | |
Education level, n (%)a | <0.001 | |||
Below high school | 2,552 (18) | 2,288 (18) | 264 (28) | |
High school grad/GED or equivalent | 2,164 (25) | 1989 (24) | 175 (30) | |
College or AA degree | 2,432 (31) | 2,256 (31) | 176 (31) | |
College graduate or above | 1778 (26) | 1710 (28) | 68 (11) | |
Marriage status, n (%)a | 0.017 | |||
Never married | 1,380 (16) | 1,279 (16) | 101 (15) | |
Married/living with partner | 5,542 (66) | 5,147 (66) | 395 (62) | |
Widowed/divorced/separated | 2004 (19) | 1817 (18) | 187 (24) | |
Alcohol, n (%)a | 0.4 | |||
No | 2,686 (25) | 2,481 (25) | 205 (27) | |
Yes | 6,240 (75) | 5,762 (75) | 478 (73) | |
Smoking history, n (%)a | <0.001 | |||
No | 4,650 (52) | 4,393 (53) | 257 (35) | |
Yes | 4,276 (48) | 3,850 (47) | 426 (65) | |
BMI group, n (%)a | 0.071 | |||
<25 | 2,615 (32) | 2,438 (33) | 177 (30) | |
25–30 | 3,063 (34) | 2,859 (34) | 204 (31) | |
≥30 | 3,150 (34) | 2,861 (33) | 289 (40) | |
Hypertension, n (%)a | <0.001 | |||
No | 5,908 (70) | 5,529 (70) | 379 (60) | |
Yes | 3,018 (30) | 2,714 (30) | 304 (40) | |
Diabetes, n (%)a | 0.035 | |||
No | 7,886 (92) | 7,310 (92) | 576 (88) | |
Yes | 1,040 (8.2) | 933 (8.0) | 107 (12) | |
Serum folic acid (ng/mL) | 16.82 ± 11.63 | 16.92 ± 11.59 | 15.50 ± 12.00 | 0.0352 |
Values are means ± SD for continuous variables. p value was calculated by weighted logistic regression model for continuous variables and weighted chi-square test was performed for catagorical variables.
Unweighted frequency counts and weighted percentages are shown.