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. 2023 Oct 4;6(12):e202302116. doi: 10.26508/lsa.202302116

Figure 3. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) administration restores lysosomal function in the p32cKO heart.

Figure 3.

(A) RNA expression in the heart of WT and p32cKO mice subjected to NMN treatment from 2 to 9 mo of age (WT, p32cKO, and p32cKO + NMN: n = 5, WT + NMN: n = 6). Data are presented as the mean ± SD. (B) Amino acid metabolism analysis of NMN-treated mice. LC-MS/MS metabolomic analysis of amino acids was performed in 9-mo-old WT and p32cKO mice and mice supplemented with NMN from 2 to 9 mo of age (WT, p32cKO, and p32cKO + NMN: n = 5, WT + NMN: n = 6). Amino acids are significantly different between p32cKO and p32cKO + NMN. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. (C) Autofluorescence showing lipofuscin localization around the nucleus as dots per cell in the heart of WT and p32cKO mice, and in p32cKO mice treated with NMN from 2 to 10 mo of age. Tissues were excited at a wavelength of 540 nm (upper panel) or 470 nm (lower panel), and emission spectra were collected with a confocal microscope at wavelengths (band path) of 580–630 nm (right panel) or 510–560 nm (left panel). Scale bars, 20 μm. Quantification of the ratio of autofluorescent blots per DAPI-staining area is shown in the lower panel as the mean ± SD (n = 4). Arrows indicate intracellular aggregation of lipofuscin.