Table 4.

Characteristics of augmented reality application for an autistic population (n=10).

Study, year	Name	Type	Targeted social skill	Description of application	Target group (all individuals with autism)
Chen et al [48], 2015	ARSFMa	Mask or self-facial modeling	Facial or emotional expressions	Users choose facial masks that fit to emotions of a short story and see their faces overlaid with the emotion	Age 10-13 y
Chen et al [52], 2016	ARVMSb	Virtual book	Facial or emotional expressions	Users train to recognize significant social cues in a digital storybook and short video stories	Age 11-13 y
Cunha et al [51], 2016	GameBook	Virtual book	Facial or emotional expressions	The user learns to identify and choose emotions of a fictional character in different parts of the story	Children
Escobedo et al [46], 2012	MOSOCOc	Smartphones	Communication skills, gaze or eye contact	Phones detect cues in real-life social situations, give feedback for social missteps, and offer advice	Age 8-11 y
Lee [60], 2020	Kinect training system	Video	Social greeting behavior	Trainer “plays” virtual characters in different social interactions with the user to teach appropriate social greeting responses	Age 7-9 y
Lee et al [57], 2018	AR-RPGd	Tabletop	Social greeting behavior	Users role-play different social events and different greeting scenarios	Age 7-9 y
Lee et al [61], 2018	ARCMe training system	Tabletop and screen	Social greeting behavior	The user plays roles of different avatars in social situations and needs to choose correct greeting behaviors	Age 8-9 y
Li et al [55], 2021	FaceMe	Touchscreen	Facial or emotional expressions	Minigames, where the user has to remember, choose, and make facial expressions	—f
Liu, Salisbury [54], 2017	BPSg; FaceGame and Emotion Game	Smart glasses	Facial or emotional expressions, gaze or eye contact	Users learn to gaze at another person and identify emotions of another person’s detected face	Age 8-9 y
Vahabzadeh et al [59], 2018	Empowered Brain or Face2Face module	Smart glasses	Communication skills, gaze or eye contact	Users get prosocial cues through smart glasses during interactions with a trainer, social performance can be seen in digital web portal	Age 6-8 y

^aARSFM: augmented reality-based self-facial modeling.

^bARVMS: augmented reality-based video modeling storybook.

^cMOSOCO: mobile social compass.

^dAR-RPG: augmented reality-tabletop role-playing game.

^eARCM: augmented reality concept mapping.

^fNot available.

^gBPS: Brain Power System.