Table 1.
Basic Demographics and outcome measures by MHT use
| Missing Data | Full Sample | MHT Use | No MHT Use | MHT versus No MHT Comparison | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N = 1,792 | (n = 1,088) | (n = 704) | MD/OR (95% CI) | p | |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Mid Life Age, M(SD) [range], y | 53 (2.96) | 64.23 (0.62) [62–67] | 64.21 (0.61) | 64.26 (0.62) | MD = −0.04 (−0.10, 0.02) | 0.172 |
| Late Life Age, M(SD) [range], y | 0 | 71.16 (0.88) [69–74] | 71.11 (0.87) | 71.23 (0.89) | MD = −0.11 (−0.19,−0.03) | 0.009 |
| Education, M (SD) [range], highest year equivalent | 0 | 13.52 (2.14) [12–21] | 13.66 (2.20) | 13.36 (2.06) | MD = 0.33 (0.13, 0.54) | 0.001 |
| Race, No./total No. (%), white | 12 (0.01) | 1,771/1,792 (99.5%) | 1,080/1,088 (99.3%) | 691/704 (98.2%) | OR = 0.32 (0.08, 1.28) | 0.090 |
| mCES-D, M (SD) [range], sum of all items | 162 (8.00) | 15.67 (14.71) [0–132] | 15.45 (14.21) | 15.79 (15.24) | MD = −0.53 (−2.00, 0.95) | 0.484 |
| APOE4 Status, No./total No. (%), positive | 0 | 457/1,792 (25.5%) | 286/1,088 (26.3%) | 171/704 (24.3%) | OR = 1.11 (0.89, 1.38) | 0.344 |
| Late Life Cognition | ||||||
| Memory (10-item word list) | ||||||
| Immediate Recall, M (SD) [range], raw score | 0 | 5.82 (1.42) [0,10] | 5.91 (1.39) | 5.70 (1.44) | MD = 0.23 (0.10, 0.37) | <0.001 |
| Delayed Recall, M (SD) [range], raw score | 2 (0.00) | 3.87 (1.80) [0, 10] | 3.92 (1.79) | 3.85 (1.80) | MD = 0.11 (−0.06, 0.28) | 0.233 |
| Reproductive Variables | ||||||
| Age at Menarche, M {SD} [range], y | 86 (4.80) | 12.63 (1.49) [8, 19] | 12.64 (1.71) | 12.74 (2.34) | MD = 0.04 (−0.10, 0.19) | 0.563 |
| Age at Last Menstruation, M {SD} [range], y | 81 (4.52) | 47.50 (7.41) [14, 65] | 47.27 (7.59) | 48.06 (6.83) | MD = 0.60 (−0.12, 1.32) | 0.100 |
| Reproductive Duration, M {SD} [range], y | 157 (8.76) | 34.81 (7.49) [1, 54] | 34.44 (8.19) | 35.27 (7.11) | MD = 0.42 (−0.32, 1.17) | 0.266 |
| Bilateral oophorectomy/hysterectomy, No./total No. (%), yes | 9 (.00) | 729/1,783 (40.9%) | 524/,1083 (48.4%) | 205/700 (29.3%) | OR = 2.26 (1.85, 2.77) | <0.001 |
| Suspected Surgical Menopause, No./total No. (%), yes | 9 (.00) | 234/1,783 (13.1%) | 159/1,083 (14.7%) | 75/700 (10.7%) | OR = 1.43 (1.07, 1.92) | 0.015 |
| MHT Type | 0 | |||||
| No MHT Use, No./total No. (%), yes | N/A | 704/1,792 (39.3%) | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Unopposed Estrogen, No./total No. (%), yes | N/A | 463/1,792 (25.8%) | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Opposed Estrogen, No./total No. (%), yes | N/A | 625/1,792 (34.9%) | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Time between Menopause and MHT Start, M (SD) [range], y | 114 (10.48) | N/A | 1.49 (7.23) [0, 39] | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Age Started MHT, M (SD) [range], y | 74 (6.80) | N/A | 48.77 (6.81) [21, 65] | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Duration of MHT use, M (SD) [range], y | 328 (30.15) | N/A | 10.45 (6.89) [1,37] | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Optimal MHT Onset, No./total No. (%), yes | 109 (10.0) | N/A | 867/979 (88.6%) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| General Health | ||||||
| Lifetime Smoking Duration, Median [interquartile range], y | 0 | 0 [0, 22] | 0 [0, 22] | 0 [0, 21] | MD = −0.15 (−1.86, 1.56) | 0.867 |
| Midlife Obesity (BMI >35 kg/m2), No./total No. (%), yes | 0 | 164/1,792 (9.2%) | 85/1,088 (7.8%) | 79/704 (11.2%) | OR = 0.67 (0.49, 0.93) | 0.015 |
| Hypertension, No./total No. (%), yes | 0 | 1,057/1,792 (59.0%) | 633/1,088 (58.2%) | 424/704 (60.2%) | OR = 0.92 (0.78, 1.11) | 0.390 |
| Hyperlipidemia, No./total No. (%), yes | 0 | 1,058/1,792 (59.0%) | 661/1,088 (60.8%) | 397/704 (56.4%) | OR = 1.20 (0.98, 1.45) | 0.067 |
| Heart Disease, No./total No. (%), yes | 5 (0.28) | 308/1,787 (17.2%) | 188/1,083 (17.4%) | 120/704 (17.0%) | OR = 1.02 (0.80, 1.32) | 0.795 |
| Cancer, No./total No. (%), yes | 2 (.11) | 320/1,790 (17.9%) | 201/1,088 (18.5%) | 119/702 (17.0% | OR = 1.11 (0.87, 1.43) | 0.412 |
| Diabetes, No./total No. (%), yes | 0 | 220/1,792 (12.3%) | 100/1,088 (9.2%) | 120/704 (17.0%) | OR = 0.49 (0.37, 0.66) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | ||||||
| Diabetes Onset Age | 7 (3.18) | 60.37 (9.69) [16, 72] | 63.22 (7.20) | 58.68 (10.55) | MD = 5.48 (3.05, 7.91) | <0.001 |
| Insulin Use, No./total No. (%), yes | 0 | 55/220 (25.0%) | 19/100 (19.0%) | 36/120 (30.0%) | OR = 0.55 (0.29, 1.03) | 0.061 |
| Diabetes Oral Medication, No./total No. (%), yes | 0 | 158/220 (71.8%) | 71/100 (71.0%) | 87/120 (72.5%) | OR = 0.93 (0.52, 1.67) | 0.805 |
| Diabetes Duration (y) | 7 (3.18) | 10.54 (9.40) [0, 55] | 7.93 (7.11) | 12.70 (10.66) | MD = −5.67 (−8.11,−3.23) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes Controlled | 7 (3.18) | ChiSq. (2) = 4.18 | 0.124 | |||
| All | 90/213 (42.3%) | 47/96 (49.0%) | 43/117 (36.8%) | |||
| Some | 92/213 (43.2%) | 39/96 (40.6%) | 53/117 (45.3%) | |||
| None | 31/213 (14.6%) | 10/96 (10.4%) | 21/117 (17.9%) | |||
MD, mean difference; OR, odds ratio; BMI, body mass index; MHT, menopausal hormone therapy; mCES-D, modified Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Inventory.