Table 2. Sub-group analysis of the pooled prevalence and odds ratios for the association between maternal infection and intellectual disability.
| Variables (number of datasets) | Pooled prevalence of outcome in cases % (95% CI) |
Pooled prevalence of outcome in controls % (95% CI) |
Odds ratios (95% CI) |
Heterogeneity (I2%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study design | ||||
| Infection-based | 4.68 (1.20–10.08) | 3.03 (0.50–7.31) | 1.27 (1.15–1.40) | 53.6 |
| ID-based | 7.34 (0.45–21.13) | 4.73 (0.36–13.69) | 1.44 (1.19–1.74) | 82.5 |
| Diagnostic criteria for maternal infection and ID | ||||
| ICD-codes | 6.09 (1.28–14.04) | 4.22 (0.98–9.57) | 1.33 (1.19–1.48) | 0.0 |
| Laboratory methods | 4.24 (3.69–4.83) | 3.06 (2.85–3.27) | 1.40 (0.92–1.13) | 99.8 |
| Publication year | ||||
| Before 2010 | 10.59 (3.00–21.88) | 7.46 (0.91–19.09) | 1.23 (1.15–1.31) | 30.4 |
| 2010–2022 | 2.86 (1.13–5.30) | 1.51 (0.48–3.11) | 1.49 (1.23–1.79) | 72.5 |
| Overall | 6.07 (1.93–12.20) | 3.86 (1.05–8.25) | 1.33 (1.22–1.44) | 70.7 |
Abbreviation; WISC, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children; ICD, International Classification of Diseases.