Table 1. Patient characteristics and surgical outcomes.
| Variables | PHBL (+) (n = 39) | PHBL (−) (n = 370) | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | |||||
| Age, years a | 71 | (44–82) | 71 | (36–89) | 0.977 |
| Sex, male/female | 35 | /4 | 275 | /95 | 0.020 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 a | 23.1 | (20.2–31.6) | 22.9 | (13.4–45.2) | 0.168 |
| Etiology | |||||
| HBsAg positive | 5 | (13) | 80 | (22) | 0.175 |
| HCVAb positive | 12 | (31) | 151 | (41) | 0.216 |
| Social history | |||||
| Smoking | 29 | (74) | 236 | (64) | 0.179 |
| Drinking | 32 | (82) | 281 | (76) | 0.379 |
| Comorbidity | |||||
| Hypertension | 29 | (74) | 196 | (53) | 0.009 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 14 | (36) | 121 | (33) | 0.688 |
| Cardiac disease | 11 | (28) | 48 | (13) | 0.018 |
| Pulmonary disease | 2 | (5) | 40 | (11) | 0.227 |
| Child-Pugh classification | 0.203 | ||||
| Grade A | 39 | (100) | 362 | (98) | |
| Grade B | 0 | (0) | 8 | (2) | |
| Laboratory data | |||||
| Albumin, g/dl a | 4.1 | (3.3–5.1) | 3.9 | (2.9–5.2) | 0.161 |
| T-Bil, mg/dl a | 0.79 | (0.3–2.22) | 0.80 | (0.2–2.81) | 0.384 |
| AST, units/l a | 24 | (11–74) | 30 | (11–142) | 0.005 |
| ALT, units/l a | 29 | (6–149) | 30 | (7–215) | 0.278 |
| PT% a | 86.0 | (53.4–109.7) | 87.1 | (28.1–146.6) | 0.322 |
| White blood cell, /μl a | 5090 | (2450–11220) | 4275 | (1770–10610) | 0.032 |
| Platelet, ×104 /μl a | 15.3 | (4.7–25.2) | 14.3 | (4.0–45.6) | 0.158 |
| Tumor markers | |||||
| AFP > 20 ng/ml | 15 | (38) | 135 | (36) | 0.808 |
| PIVKA-II > 40 mAU/ml | 20 | (51) | 178 | (48) | 0.706 |
| Modified ALBI grade, 1 / 2a / 2b / 3 | 25 | / 10 / 4 / 0 | 184 | / 124 / 62 / 0 | 0.213 |
| ICGR15, % a | 9.7 | (2.9–26.3) | 12.0 | (2.6–46.4) | 0.026 |
| Sarcopenia | 16 | (41) | 141 | (38) | 0.723 |
| Sarcopenic obesity | 35 | (90) | 221 | (60) | < 0.001 |
| Parameters associated with muscle and fat area at the level of third lumbar vertebra | |||||
| Skeletal muscle index, cm2/m2 a | 53.3 | (38.1–71.4) | 51.2 | (32.2–85.4) | 0.477 |
| Total muscle area, cm2 a | 143.8 | (83.5–221.2) | 135.8 | (77.3–234.0) | 0.150 |
| Psoas muscle area, cm2 a | 16.6 | (4.1–27.4) | 14.0 | (4.9–31.4) | 0.016 |
| Visceral fat area, cm2 a | 135.3 | (40.8–254.5) | 96.8 | (2.6–330.9) | 0.003 |
| Subcutaneous fat area, cm2 a | 107.4 | (46.9–251.9) | 100.2 | (3.6–347.4) | 0.141 |
| Surgical outcomes | |||||
| Type of hepatectomy | 0.373 | ||||
| Partial hepatectomy | 16 | (41) | 187 | (51) | |
| Segmentectomy | 8 | (21) | 84 | (23) | |
| Sectionectomy | 11 | (28) | 61 | (16) | |
| Hemihepatectomy or more | 4 | (10) | 38 | (10) | |
| Primary hepatectomy | 30 | (77) | 272 | (74) | 0.641 |
| Major hepatectomy | 4 | (10) | 48 | (13) | 0.619 |
| Anatomical hepatectomy | 23 | (59) | 183 | (49) | 0.257 |
| Surgical duration, min a | 368 | (202–890) | 334 | (82–990) | 0.109 |
| Inflow occlusion time, min a | 66 | (15–150) | 59 | (0–247) | 0.207 |
| Blood loss, ml a | 430 | (25–2100) | 278 | (0–5500) | 0.002 |
| Intraoperative blood transfusion | 10 | (26) | 51 | (14) | 0.065 |
Values in parentheses are percentages unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: PHBL, post-hepatectomy bile leakage; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; HCVAb, hepatitis C virus antibody; Bil, bilirubin; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; PT, prothrombin time; AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; PIVKA-II, protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist II; ICGR15, indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min.
aValues are median (range).