Figure 3.

ATD ameliorates PF induced by bleomycin in vivo

(A) Protocol for bleomycin to induce PF in C57BL/6J mice. The PF model mice underwent a single intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (2 mg/kg) at day 0 and were treated with CMC-Na (control group), ATD, or PFD at 1 day and were euthanized at day 21 (n = 14 mice per group). (B) Survival curve. (C) Change in body weight measured over time. Representative images of micro-CT (D), H&E staining (E), and Masson staining (F). Scale bars, 100 μm. (G) H&E staining score for each group (n = 6). (H) Ashcroft score for each group (n = 6). (I) Western blot for collagen I, α-SMA, E-cadherin, VIM, and PCNA protein in mouse lung tissue. (J) The content of hydroxyproline in lung tissue (n = 6). (K) Quantification of collagen I, α-SMA, E-cadherin, VIM, and PCNA expression using ImageJ (n = 6). The data are presented as the mean ± SEM. ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001 compared with the control group; ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001 compared with the bleomycin group. ns, no statistical difference.