. 2023 Sep 1;21(11):2266–2282. doi: 10.2174/1570159X21666221220155455

Table 1.

Altered hippocampal neurogenesis in mouse models of ASD.

Mouse Model	Hippocampus Neurogenesis	References
8 to 10-week-old BTBR mice	Neurogenesis↓, DCX⁺↓, PSA-NCAM⁺↓, NeuroD⁺↓, BrdU⁺↓, BrdU⁺/NeuN⁺↓, BrdU⁺/GFAP⁺↑, BDNF mRNA↓	[65]
VPA-exposed ferret infants	Neurogenesis↑, BrdU⁺↑, BrdU⁺/SOX2⁺↑	[70]
Utero VPA-exposed male albino Wistar rats	Neurogenesis↓, DCX↓, BDNF↓, pCREB↓, synapsin-IIa↓	[74]
Prenatal VPA-exposed mice	Embryonic neurogenesis↑, NPCs↓, adult neurogenesis↓, BrdU⁺↓, Ki67⁺↓, BrdU⁺/NeuN⁺↓, BrdU⁺/S100β⁺↓	[76]
Rats exposed to VPA at P13 and P14	Neurogenesis↓, DCX⁺↓, BrdU⁺↓	[155]
Rats exposed to LPS at P3	Neurogenesis↓, P21(NeuN⁺↓), P77(DCX⁺↓, TUBB3⁺↓, PCNA⁺↑)	[78]
Cx3cr1 KO mice	Neurogenesis↓, DCX⁺↓, dendritic complexity↓	[81]
Perinatal SSRIs treated rats	Neurogenesis↓, males: proliferative DCX⁺↓; female: post-mitotic DCX⁺↓	[97]
Adult Caps2 KO mice	Environmental enrichment-induced adult neurogenesis↓, BrdU⁺↓, BrdU⁺/calretinin⁺↓, BrdU⁺/NeuN⁺↓	[102]
Caps2 KO mice	BDNF↓, GABAergic neurons↓, synapses↓	[103]
En2-KO mice	NPC proliferation↑, BrdU⁺/Sox2⁺↑, BrdU⁺/Tbr2⁺↑; cell death↑, caspase-3⁺/DCX⁺↑	[108]
Nestin-creER^T2; Pten^loxp/loxp mice	Neurogenesis↑, RGL pool↓, Ki67⁺↑, BrdU⁺/NeuN⁺↓, BrdU⁺/S100β⁺↑, BrdU⁺↑	[112]
SP-A-Cre; PTEN^flox/flox mice	NPC proliferation↑, BrdU⁺↑, Sox2⁺/GFAP^-/BrdU⁺↑, Sox2⁺/GFAP⁺/BrdU⁺↓; neurogenesis↓, DCX⁺↓ BrdU⁺/NeuN⁺↓	[113]
Fmr1 KO mice	BrdU⁺↑, BrdU⁺/NeuN⁺↓, BrdU⁺/S100β⁺↑	[117]
Fmr1^loxP/y: Nes-CreER^T2 mice	Neurogenesis↓, RGC↑, DCX⁺↓, NeuN+↓S100β⁺/GFAP⁺↑	[118]
Cyfip1 heterozygous KO mice	Neurogenesis↑, DCX⁺↑, caspase3⁺↓, BrdU⁺/NeuN⁺↑	[123]
LXRβ KO mice	Neurogenesis↓, Sox2⁺/GFAP⁺↓, BLBP⁺/GFAP⁺↓, BrdU⁺↓, Sox2⁺↓, DCX⁺↓, Nestin⁺↓, Prox1⁺↓, Tbr2⁺↓	[131]
Top3β KO mice	BrdU⁺↓, DCX⁺↓	[133]
MECP2 transgenic mice	Neurogenesis↓, BrdU⁺↓, GFAP⁺/Nestin⁺/Ki67⁻↑ GFAP^-/Nestin⁺/Ki67⁺↓, BrdU⁺/DCX⁺↑,	[142]
MBD1 KO mice	aNSCs↑, BrdU⁺↑, Tuj1⁺↓, GFAP⁺↓, NeuroD1 mRNA↓, Tuj1 mRNA↓, GFAP mRNA↓	[144]
MBD1 KO mice	Nestin⁺↑, Nestin⁺/DCX⁺↑, Nestin-/DCX⁺↓	[145]
Tbx1-EGFP transfected mice	Migration and proliferation of adult neural stem/progenitor cells↓	[149]

Note: (↑ = increased, ↓ = decreased).