Table 3.
Chalcone derivatives investigated against the influenza virus.
| Compound “Chemical name(s)” | Virus subtype | Study model(s) | Results | Inhibition mechanism | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Echinantin “(E)-3-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one” | H1N1, H9N2, H1N1 (WT), H1N1 (H274Y) |
In vitro | IC50 values of 5.80 ± 0.30, 5.70 ± 0.55, 2.49 ± 0.14, and 2.19 ± 0.06 μg/mL, respectively |
Inhibition of NAs | [85] |
| Isoliquiritigenin “(E)-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one” | H1N1, H9N2, H1N1 (WT), H1N1 (H274Y) |
In vitro | IC50 values of 8.41 ± 0.39, 9.69 ± 0.37, 3.48 ± 0.19, and 3.42 ± 0.12 μg/mL, respectively |
Inhibition of NAs | [85] |
| “(E)-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one” | H1N1 | In vitro | IC50 of 2.23 μmol/L | Inhibition of NAs | [87] |
| “(E)-1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one” | H5N1 | In silico | Binding to the 150-cavity of NA | Inhibition of NAs | [88] |
| 2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-3-butenyl alkyl | H1N1 | In vitro | IC50 of 12.3 μM | Inhibition of NAs | [89] |
IC50: Half maximal inhibitory concentration.