. 2023 Sep 26;9(10):e20428. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20428

Table 7.

Chalcone derivatives investigated against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV).

Compound(s) “Chemical name(s)”	Virus subtype	Study model(s)	Results	Inhibition mechanism	Refs.
Xanthohumol “(E)-1-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one”	HCMV	In vitro	IC₅₀: 2.5 ± 0.56 (μg/mL)	Downregulation of CXCR4 chemokine receptors	[114]
“Trans-4-iodo-4′-boranyl-chalcone”	HCMV	In vitro	A concentration-dependent decrease in the abundance of p53 ladders	Inhibition of ubiquitination of p53	[115]
“Thienylchalcone (1-phenyl-3-(2-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one)” derivatives	HCMV	In vitro	EC₅₀: <0.05 μM	Strong growth inhibitory activity towards three major cancers (colon, breast, and leukemia)	[116]

HCMV: Human cytomegalovirus, EC50: Half maximal effective concentration, IC50: Half maximal inhibitory concentration.