Table 9.
Chalcone derivatives investigated against HCV.
| Compound(s) “Chemical name(s)” | Virus subtype | Study model(s) | Results | Inhibition mechanism | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Licochalcone A “(E)-3-[4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-5-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)phenyl]-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one” | HCV genotype 2a (J6/JFH1P47 | In vitro | IC50: 2.5 mg/mL |
Inhibition of the post-entry step | [123] |
| Isoliquiritigenin “(E)-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one” | HCV genotype 2a (J6/JFH1P47 | In vitro | IC50: 3.7 mg/mL |
Inhibition of the post-entry step by preventing the HCV subgenomic RNA propagation | [123] |
| Xanthohumol “(E)-1-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one” | HCV genotype 1b | In vivo | Significantly reduced transforming growth factor β1 expression, hepatic steatosis score, aminotransferase levels, and histological activity index in liver tissue | Modulation of apoptosis, suppression of oxidative response, and regulation of MTP function | [124] |
HCV: hepatitis C virus, IC50: Half maximal inhibitory concentration, MTP: Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein.