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. 2023 Sep 21;41(3):209–216. doi: 10.3857/roj.2023.00633

Table 3.

The time and cost spent on collecting the data using “full manual,” “LLM-assisted manual,” and “LLM” methods

Full manual LLM-assisted manual LLM
340 patients All patients (extrapolated) 340 patients All patients (extrapolated) 340 patients All patients
Time spent (hr)
 For data collection 14.3 122.6 8.8 75.4 - -
 For prompt design and trimming - - 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
 Total 14.3 122.6 12.8 79.4 4.0 4.0
 Time saved compared to “full manual” - - 1.5 43.2 9.3 118.6
Estimated cost (US dollar)
 Manual data collection wage cost 106.1 909.3 65.6 558 - -
 Prompt design and trimming wage cost - - 29.6 29.6 29.6 29.6
 GPT API usage fee - - 7.7 65.8 7.7 65.8
 Total 106.1 909.3 102.9 653.4 37.3 95.4
 Cost saved compared to “full manual” - - 3.2 255.9 68.8 813.9

API, application programming interface; LLM, large language model; Bold, total time and cost.