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. 2023 Oct 6;22:50. doi: 10.1186/s12937-023-00875-4

Table 2.

Associations of chronotype score (MEQa) with social jet lag, sleep duration, meal timing, physical activity and body mass index (BMI)b

Characteristics βc 95% CId P valuee
Body mass index(kg/m2) -0.056 -0.085, -0.028 < 0.0001
Meal timing
Breakfast time weekdays (h:min) -0.004 -0.007, -0.002 0.001
Breakfast time weekends (h:min) -0.026 -0.032, -0.021 < 0.0001
Lunch time weekdays (h:min) -0.007 -0.010, -0.004 < 0.0001
Lunch time weekends (h:min) -0.013 -0.017, -0.009 < 0.0001
Dinner time weekdays (h:min) -0.009 -0.013, -0.004 < 0.0001
Dinner time weekends (h:min) -0.009 -0.014, -0.004 < 0.0001
Weekdays Eating midpoint (h:min) -0.016 -0.021, -0.011 < 0.0001
Weekends Eating midpoint (h:min) -0.027 -0.033, -0.021 < 0.0001
Eating jet lag (h) -0.012 -0.016, -0.008 < 0.0001
Physical activity
Light physical activity 60 min a day (days/week) 0.041 0.022, 0.060 < 0.0001
Moderate physical activity 60 min a day (days/week) 0.040 0.023, 0.057 < 0.0001
Muscle strengthening activity 60 min a day (days/week) 0.049 0.029, 0.068 < 0.0001
Average sleep duration (h/night) 0.014 0.009, 0.018 < 0.0001
Sleep duration in weekdays (h/night) 0.013 0.008, 0.017 < 0.0001
Sleep duration in weekends (h/night) 0.017 0.012, 0.023 < 0.0001
Social jet lag (h) -0.007 -0.010, -0.004 < 0.0001

a MEQ, Morning-Evening Questionnaire

Data are presented as unstandardized beta coefficients (standard error)

Chronotype score was expressed as a continuous variable ranging from 16 to 86, higher score indicates a preference for morningness. CI, confidence interval

b Models adjust for children age, sex, parental marital status and parental education level on college

c β: standardized regression

d c: confidence interval

eP value from the multiple linear regression model

Bold: P values<0.05